H-Bridge DC/DC Converter Mode Transition Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional DC/DC converters, particularly step-down-step-up types, suffer from high power loss and reduced efficiency due to increased switching operations as the number of states increases, leading to inefficiencies when operating across varying input and output voltage ranges.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an H bridge step-down-step-up DC/DC converter with a state controller that minimizes the duration of states 1 and 2, allowing direct transitions between step-up and step-down modes without the step-down-step-up mode, thereby reducing switching losses and enhancing power efficiency by controlling the on/off timing of switch circuits based on input and output voltage differences.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a step-down-step-up DC/DC converter operates in multiple states (state 1 to state 4) to handle varying input voltages, then the converter can maintain output voltage across a wide input range, but the number of switching operations increases causing higher power loss and reduced efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic mode selection that automatically transitions between step-down mode and step-up mode based on real-time comparison of input and output voltages. The state controller dynamically adjusts the operating mode without requiring the converter to pass through intermediate step-down-step-up states, thereby reducing the number of switching operations and minimizing power loss while maintaining adaptability to varying input voltage conditions.
2Stability of the object's composition
If the converter uses step-down-step-up mode when input voltage is close to output voltage, then the converter can maintain output voltage stability, but switching losses increase due to frequent mode transitions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the conventional approach by allowing direct transitions between step-down mode and step-up mode without requiring the converter to pass through step-down-step-up intermediate states. This inversion of the traditional state transition sequence eliminates unnecessary switching operations while maintaining output voltage stability, thereby reducing switching losses during mode transitions.
3Power
If the converter operates in step-up mode with low input voltage, then the converter can provide sufficient output voltage, but the converter requires more switching operations compared to step-down mode
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic mode selection that automatically chooses between step-up mode and step-down mode based on real-time voltage comparison. When input voltage is lower than output voltage, the converter operates in step-up mode; when input voltage is higher, it operates in step-down mode. This dynamic adaptation allows the converter to achieve the required output voltage with minimum switching operations by selecting the most efficient mode for each operating condition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables continuous and automatic shifting between step-up and step-down modes, reducing power loss and improving efficiency by minimizing the need for the step-down-step-up mode, especially when input and output voltages are close, and preventing penetration currents during synchronous rectification.
Implementation Method 1
a choke inductor coupled in series or in parallel with a voltage output terminal, and alternates between a state in which energy is stored from the input side in the choke inductor by on-off action of a switching element, and a state in which energy is released from the choke inductor to the output side
Data Source
AI summary
An output voltage controller includes a first controller which controls current supply to a inductor based on an output voltage, and a second controller which controls current supply to the inductor by controlling a period when an input end to which an input voltage is inputted, the inductor, and an output end from which the output voltage is outputted are coupled based on the input voltage.