H-Bridge DC Power Line Communication Circuit
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power line communication techniques face challenges with high costs, vulnerability to noise, and inconvenience in installation due to the use of complex components and electrolytic capacitors, especially in direct current power transmission systems, which lead to increased volume, reduced lifespan, and management difficulties.
Innovation Solution
The method employs a digital power line communication system using two lines where (+) and (-) powers are mapped to '1' and '0' respectively, with polarity conversion to transmit data, utilizing MOSFET H-bridge circuits for low impedance transmission and bridge diodes for smooth direct current power reception, enabling stable and economical communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If conventional power line communication techniques are used with high-frequency RF signals and complex filtering, then data transmission capability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential function of power line communication by removing complex RF modulation and filtering circuits. Instead, it uses simple voltage level transitions (0V for '0', positive voltage for '1') to transmit data, keeping only the necessary components for voltage detection while eliminating unnecessary complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces expensive dedicated modem chips and complex RF communication modules with simple microcontroller-based voltage detection circuits. This uses inexpensive, easily replaceable components that can be implemented with standard microcontrollers already present in most devices.
2Stability of the object's composition
If electrolytic capacitors are used for smoothing DC power, then power stability is improved, but device volume and lifespan are worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces large electrolytic capacitors with small solid-state capacitors. Solid-state capacitors achieve sufficient power smoothing with much smaller volume and offer significantly longer lifespan without electrolyte deterioration, while maintaining adequate power stability for the application.
3Adaptability or versatility
If AC power is used for power line communication, then existing power lines can be utilized, but power transmission efficiency and communication reliability are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the power parameter from AC to DC, enabling more reliable communication through stable voltage levels that are not affected by AC cycle timing. This DC approach allows consistent voltage representation for binary data (0V for '0', positive voltage for '1') without the variability introduced by AC waveforms.
4Loss of information
If dedicated modem chips are mounted for communication, then communication capability is improved, but cost and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the communication function with the existing microcontroller unit. The microcontroller both generates the communication signals and detects incoming signals, eliminating the need for separate dedicated modem chips. This integration reduces component count and overall device complexity while maintaining full communication capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces the need for electrolytic capacitors, minimizes circuit complexity, enhances communication reliability, and allows for efficient power and control signal transmission with reduced noise and maintenance costs, suitable for direct current power systems and future high-voltage direct current transmission.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing MOSFET H-bridge circuits for low impedance transmission and bridge diodes for smooth direct current power reception
Implementation Method 2
bridge diodes for smooth direct current power reception
Data Source
AI summary
Polarities of voltages on a plurality of electric wires are reversed with an H-bridge circuit applied in accordance with control information or data to be transmitted, information or data transmitted as change of polarities is found on the reception side, and the transmitted power is restored to direct current power through a bridge diode circuit and is used as power supplied to a load. Each load has a unique ID input and storage means, and the present invention is a communication method in which the unique ID is designated to the transmitted information or IDs are designated to groups to control a load. In addition, it is a method for spreading a PWM operation time to minimize noise generated in accordance with PWM driving on the reception side. In a direct current transmission and reception environment, data or a command signal for power demand response is mapped with the polarity of voltage and is transmitted to each customer, and it may be applied to the power demand response technique.