HD Map Feature Fusion for Vehicle Behavior Prediction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing autonomous driving technologies fail to accurately predict the behavior of objects in the surrounding environment of an autonomous vehicle due to the lack of comprehensive representation, particularly without utilizing information from high definition maps.

Innovation Solution

A computer-implemented method that extracts features from high definition maps using a convolutional neural network and concatenates them with handcrafted features of target objects, allowing the network to predict the behavior of the objects by providing a comprehensive representation of the driving environment.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of information

If existing approaches focus only on target object features, then the prediction model is simpler, but the representation of surrounding environment is incomplete

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental informationVSAvoidfeature representation system
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges handcrafted features (geometric, semantic, topological) with deep learning features from CNNs to create a comprehensive environmental representation. This combination integrates multiple feature sources to reduce information loss while managing system complexity through structured feature fusion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite feature representation by combining different types of features (handcrafted geometric/semantic/topological features with learned deep features) into a unified feature vector, analogous to composite materials that combine different substances to achieve superior properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Measurement precision

If comprehensive environmental representation is achieved by integrating HD map features, then prediction accuracy improves, but computational complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebehavior prediction accuracyVSAvoidfeature extraction and processing system
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the feature extraction process into distinct modules: handcrafted feature extraction (geometric, semantic, topological), deep feature extraction from HD maps, and feature fusion. This segmentation allows each module to be optimized independently while achieving comprehensive representation for accurate prediction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary feature extraction and processing before the main prediction task. Handcrafted features are pre-computed from HD map data and target object data, and deep features are extracted in advance, allowing the final prediction model to work with pre-processed comprehensive features rather than raw data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If handcrafted features are combined with deep learning features, then the comprehensive representation is achieved, but the system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental representation reliabilityVSAvoidfeature processing system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms various input parameters (geometric properties, semantic attributes, topological relationships) into standardized feature vectors with consistent dimensions and formats. This parameter transformation allows diverse handcrafted features to be seamlessly integrated with deep learning features, achieving reliable representation while managing complexity through uniform parameter handling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3660735B1A compressive environmental feature representation for vehicle behavior prediction
Publication Date: 2023.05.10 BAIDU USA LLC
  • EP3660735B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3660735B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3660735B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

In an embodiment, a method for representing a surrounding environment of an ego autonomous driving vehicle (ADV) is described. The method represents the surrounding environment using a first set of features from a definition (HD) map and a second set of features from a target object in the surrounding environment. The first set of features are extracted from the high definition map using a convolutional neural network (CNN), and the second set of features are handcrafted features from the target object during a predetermined number of past driving cycles of the ego ADV. The first set of features and the second set of features are concatenated and provided to a number of fully connected layers of the CNN to predict behaviors of the target object. In one embodiment, the operations in the method can be repeated for each driving cycle of the ego ADV.