Hearing Device Electrode Design for Skin Coupling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrodes for hearing devices and BCI applications face challenges such as discomfort due to electrolytic liquid, signal drift over time, and the need for harsh cleaning, making them unsuitable for extended daily use outside clinical settings.

Innovation Solution

A hearing device electrode design featuring a housing with an outer and inner conductor that facilitates comfortable, secure electrical coupling to the skin without the need for electrolytic liquid, using conductive materials and structural designs that mitigate signal drift, allowing for both dry and wet electrode functionality.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If wet electrodes with electrolytic liquid are used, then electrical coupling to skin is achieved, but user comfort deteriorates due to moisture sensation and potential skin irritation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical couplingVSAvoiduser comfort
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the electrolytic liquid component from the electrode system entirely, extracting the harmful moisture element while preserving electrical coupling functionality through alternative dry conductive materials and mechanical pressure application mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical state parameter of the electrode from liquid-based (wet) to solid-based (dry), transforming the electrical coupling mechanism from chemical/electrolytic to mechanical/contact-based, thereby eliminating moisture-related discomfort while maintaining signal quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If dry electrodes are used without electrolytic liquid, then user comfort improves, but signal quality deteriorates due to susceptibility to signal drift and material degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuser comfortVSAvoidsignal quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs composite electrode materials combining conductive polymers, metallic particles, or coated metal surfaces with mechanical support structures, creating a multi-material system that maintains signal stability and reduces drift while remaining dry and comfortable for extended wear

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent incorporates flexible, adaptable electrode designs that can dynamically adjust to skin contours and maintain optimal contact pressure, ensuring consistent electrical coupling and signal quality over extended periods without degradation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Loss of substance

If dry electrodes are used, then no electrolytic liquid is required, but harsh cleaning and significant force application are required to establish electrical coupling

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrolytic liquid consumptionVSAvoidpreparation and application
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of substanceVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs self-adhering or self-adjusting dry electrodes that automatically establish optimal contact with the skin through mechanical compliance and pressure distribution, eliminating the need for harsh cleaning procedures or manual force application while maintaining signal quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Duration of action of moving object

If existing electrodes are used for extended periods, then daily wear application is achieved, but signal drift occurs due to material degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewear timeVSAvoidsignal stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent utilizes degradation-resistant composite materials including biocompatible polymers, corrosion-resistant metal coatings, and stable conductive compounds that maintain their electrical and mechanical properties over extended wear periods, preventing signal drift and ensuring long-term signal stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes material composition and structural parameters to enhance durability and stability over time, selecting materials with appropriate glass transition temperatures, elastic moduli, and chemical stability to prevent degradation during extended daily wear while maintaining comfortable fit and signal quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The electrode provides reliable, comfortable, and long-lasting electrical coupling suitable for BCI applications, reducing surface fatigue and maintaining signal quality over extended periods without frequent maintenance.

Implementation Method 1

The electrode may facilitate electrical coupling to skin of a user and may be used as a dry or wet electrode, for example, by utilizing conductive materials or structural designs that provide comfort, good electrical conductivity with the skin

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP3698557B1Method of making a hearing device and a respective hearing device
Publication Date: 2024.11.13 STARKEY LABORATORIES INC
  • EP3698557B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3698557B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3698557B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A hearing device for electrically coupling to skin of a user includes a body having a housing forming at least part of an outer surface. The device includes an acoustic transducer and an electrode disposed at least partially in the body. The electrode includes an outer conductor disposed at least partially in the housing and an inner conductor electrically coupled to the outer conductor and disposed subflush to the outer surface. A method of forming the hearing device includes providing a cast shell, forming an elastomeric conductor in a cavity of the cast shell, and removing a thin outer wall of the cast shell to form the housing of the hearing device.