Heart Assistance Device with Reversing Roller Cell Pump
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current mechanical circulatory support systems for heart assistance face issues such as blood damage, high energy consumption, mechanical stress, noise, limited efficiency, and the need for a high-durability design due to prolonged use, along with complications from external power supply and single-chamber limitations.
Innovation Solution
A heart assistance device with two pump chambers and a roller cell or vane pump design that operates in a reversing mode, minimizing friction losses and pressure surges, integrated into a compact system with a hydraulic drive, allowing for efficient pulsatile blood delivery and reduced wear.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If a roller cell pump or vane pump is used with reversing mode, then friction losses and pressure surges are minimized, but the device complexity increases due to the need for reversing mechanism
Solution Approach 1:
The pump operates in a reversing mode where the rotation direction is dynamically changed to alternate between pumping actions. This dynamic operation allows the pump to minimize friction losses and pressure surges by reversing the flow direction, thereby reducing energy losses while maintaining effective pumping action.
Solution Approach 2:
The pump employs periodic reversing of rotation direction to create alternating pumping cycles. This periodic action pattern allows the pump to achieve multiple pumping actions per rotation cycle, reducing the number of moving parts required while maintaining high pumping efficiency and minimizing energy losses.
2Stress or pressure
If the pump operates in reversing mode, then pressure surges are reduced, but the moment of inertia increases due to larger moving parts
Solution Approach 1:
The pump utilizes hydraulic principles where a hydraulic liquid transmits force and motion within the pump chamber. This hydraulic transmission allows for compact moving parts with reduced moment of inertia while effectively managing pressure variations and surges through the fluid medium, eliminating the need for larger mechanical components.
3Device complexity
If a single pump chamber is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the productivity is limited due to single ventricle assistance
Solution Approach 1:
The pump system is segmented into multiple independent pump chambers, each capable of assisting a different ventricle. This segmentation allows the system to maintain relatively simple individual chambers while achieving high overall productivity through parallel operation of multiple chambers, enabling bi-ventricular support.
Solution Approach 2:
The pump system is designed with multi-functionality to assist both ventricles through a unified device architecture. By making the pump system universal in its applicability to different ventricles, the device achieves high productivity without requiring separate specialized pumps, thus maintaining acceptable device complexity.
4Power
If external power supply via wires is used, then the device can be operated, but the reliability decreases due to high infection risk
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply system is extracted from the body cavity by using an external motor that drives the pump chambers through magnetic or mechanical coupling without internal wires. This extraction eliminates the infection risk associated with internal wiring while maintaining full operational capability, thereby improving reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The traditional electrical wiring system is replaced with a magnetic or mechanical coupling system that allows power and control signals to be transmitted without physical penetration of the body cavity. This substitution eliminates the infection pathway while maintaining power supply functionality, improving overall reliability.
5Power
If mechanical parts are used in the drive, then the pump can be driven, but the durability decreases due to high wear
Solution Approach 1:
Traditional mechanical drive components are replaced with a motor-driven system that uses magnetic or direct mechanical coupling to rotate the pump chambers. This substitution reduces wear on mechanical parts by eliminating complex gear systems and internal wiring, thereby extending the useful life and durability of the pump system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution results in a more compact, durable, and silent system with reduced wear and infection risk, capable of long-term operation, providing effective bi-ventricular support with enhanced efficiency and safety.
Implementation Method 1
the pump is designed as a roller cell pump or a vane pump
Implementation Method 2
for the pulsatile delivery of blood
Implementation Method 3
Each of the two pump chambers comprises a fluid chamber and a blood-carrying chamber, each fluid chamber being adapted to be filled with a fluid or emptied by means of the pump such that the fluid chamber is expanded or contracted. When the fluid chamber of a pump chamber is expanded, the blood-carrying chamber of the same pump chamber is compressed.
Data Source
AI summary
A heart assistance device for the pulsatile delivery of blood is provided that includes a first pump chamber, a second pump chamber, and a pump. Both pump chambers each have a fluid chamber and a blood-carrying chamber. By means of the pump, each fluid chamber can be filled with a fluid or emptied thereof in such a way that an expansion or contraction of the fluid chamber takes place. During the expansion of the fluid chamber of one pump chamber, a compression of the blood-carrying chamber of the same blood chamber takes place. The pump is designed as a roller cell pump or vane pump.