Heart Beat Detection Using Permissible Sequence Searching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cardiac monitoring technologies face challenges in accurately detecting heartbeats and distinguishing between physiological signals and noise, particularly in the context of atrial fibrillation detection due to noise interference in wearable sensors.
Innovation Solution
A method that involves detecting peaks in cardiac signals, grouping them based on shape characteristics, and assigning probability scores to sequences to identify physiologically permissible patterns, with higher scores given to sequences that are less likely to be random, using features like maximum absolute slope and inter-peak time intervals to differentiate between true heartbeats and noise.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If wearable sensors are used for cardiac monitoring, then portability and continuous monitoring capability are improved, but noise interference increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes noise components from the cardiac signal by identifying and eliminating peaks that do not conform to physiological patterns. The algorithm separates true heartbeat peaks from noise peaks by analyzing sequence patterns and physiological feasibility, effectively extracting the harmful noise elements from the signal.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts noise peaks, which are initially harmful, into useful information for validation. By attempting to form sequences with noise peaks and evaluating their physiological feasibility, the system uses the presence of noise to reinforce the identification of true heartbeats through contrast. The noise peaks ultimately help confirm the validity of genuine cardiac signals.
2Measurement precision
If peak detection sensitivity is increased to capture all potential heartbeats, then detection completeness is improved, but false detections from noise increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detected peaks into different categories based on their sequence patterns. By dividing peaks into those that form valid physiological sequences and those that do not, the system can process each segment differently. True heartbeats are identified through valid sequences while noise peaks are isolated and rejected, resolving the contradiction between completeness and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback through iterative sequence validation. Detected peaks are tested against physiological constraints, and the results feed back into the detection process. Peaks that fail validation provide feedback to adjust detection thresholds and parameters, improving the balance between capturing all true heartbeats and rejecting noise.
3Measurement precision
If sequence validation complexity is increased to improve accuracy, then detection accuracy is improved, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial validation by checking only the most critical physiological constraints rather than exhaustively validating all possible sequence properties. By focusing on key features like maximum absolute slope and inter-peak time intervals, the system achieves high accuracy without the computational burden of complete sequence analysis.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the complex sequence validation problem into simpler parameter-based checks. By converting sequence validity assessment into evaluations of specific parameters (slope, timing intervals, sequence length), the system maintains high detection accuracy while significantly reducing computational complexity through parameter transformation.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for detecting heart beats within a cardiac signal is disclosed. A cardiac signal is acquired and segmented. Peak detection is performed within each segment. A search within the detected peaks is performed to locate physiologically permissible peak sequences. A particular peak sequence is selected based on feature space criteria or interpeak temporal regularity criteria or both.