Heart Rate Derivative Templates for Neurological State Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for detecting impending or occurring neurological state changes, such as epileptic seizures, are not sufficiently sensitive and specific, particularly for patients who do not respond to medication, leading to increased mortality, morbidity, and impaired daily functioning.
Innovation Solution
A method using cardiac data analysis to detect state changes by determining heart rate derivative shapes that match predefined templates, indicating an occurrence of a state change based on characteristics like phases, extrema, and directions of change in heart rate derivatives.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If cardiac data analysis with heart rate derivative templates is used to detect state changes, then detection sensitivity and specificity improve, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses heart rate derivative templates as an intermediary mechanism to detect neurological state changes. Instead of directly monitoring complex neurological signals, the system analyzes cardiac data through predetermined templates that capture characteristic patterns of heart rate changes associated with seizures. This intermediary approach improves detection sensitivity and specificity while avoiding the need for complex direct neurological monitoring.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates simplified copies of state change patterns through predetermined heart rate derivative templates. These templates represent characteristic patterns of heart rate changes during seizures, allowing the system to detect state changes by comparing current cardiac data against these pre-established templates. This copying approach enables accurate detection without requiring complex real-time analysis of raw neurological signals.
2Measurement precision
If invasive neurological monitoring is used to detect state changes, then detection accuracy improves, but patient safety and comfort worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs cardiac data as an intermediary indicator of neurological state changes. Rather than placing sensors directly in the brain or nervous system, the system monitors heart rate variations that reflect underlying neurological conditions. This intermediary approach maintains high detection accuracy for seizures while eliminating the safety risks and discomfort associated with invasive neurological procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical neurological monitoring systems with non-invasive cardiac monitoring. Instead of using electrodes or implants to directly measure neurological activity, the system uses standard cardiac monitors to detect heart rate patterns that correlate with seizure activity. This substitution maintains diagnostic accuracy while dramatically improving patient safety and comfort.
3Quantity of substance
If existing detection methods are used for pharmaco-resistant epilepsy, then treatment cost decreases, but mortality and morbidity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary detection of seizure onset through continuous cardiac monitoring and template matching. By detecting characteristic heart rate derivative patterns before full seizure manifestation occurs, the system enables early intervention. This preliminary action allows for timely administration of rescue medications or activation of therapeutic devices, preventing severe morbidity and mortality associated with uncontrolled seizures in pharmaco-resistant patients.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent establishes a feedback loop where detected state changes trigger immediate therapeutic responses. When the template matching algorithm identifies characteristic heart rate patterns indicating seizure onset, the system activates pre-programmed interventions such as medication delivery or electrical stimulation. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures that treatment is administered at the optimal moment, maximizing effectiveness and reducing mortality and morbidity in patients who do not respond to standard medication regimens.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, systems, and apparatus for detecting and/or validating a detection of a state change by matching the shape of one or more of an cardiac data series, a heart rate variability data series, or at least a portion of a heart beat complex, derived from cardiac data, to an appropriate template.