Maximum Heart Rate Estimation Using Kinetics and Respiration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for determining maximum heart rate are either invasive, unreliable, or fail to account for aging users, leading to significant errors in fitness level calculations.
Innovation Solution
A method that incorporates heart rate, respiration rate, and kinetics information to estimate maximum heart rate, using a weighted average and scanning ranges to minimize differences between external and internal intensities, while considering age-based updates and reliability weights.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If simple age-based calculations are used to estimate maximum heart rate, then the estimation process is simple and quick, but the accuracy is poor with large errors occurring
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the estimation from using only age-based parameters to incorporating multiple dynamic parameters including heart rate data, respiration rate, and kinetics information (EPOC). This multi-parameter approach allows the system to maintain simplicity of operation while significantly improving accuracy by considering the physiological state and exercise intensity rather than relying solely on age-based formulas.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary computational model that processes multiple physiological parameters (heart rate, respiration rate, kinetics) to generate the maximum heart rate estimation. This intermediary layer reconciles the simplicity of input data collection with the complexity needed for accurate estimation, allowing users to provide simple inputs while receiving accurate results through sophisticated intermediate processing.
2Measurement precision
If maximal exercise testing is performed to directly determine maximum heart rate, then the most accurate value is obtained, but the method is strenuous and unsafe for many people
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a computational copy of the maximal exercise test by using mathematical models and physiological parameters collected during sub-maximal exercise. Instead of requiring users to perform dangerous maximal exertion, the system copies the essential physiological relationships and uses them to estimate maximum heart rate from safer, lower-intensity exercise data combined with recovery phase measurements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary measurements of heart rate, respiration rate, and kinetics during exercise and recovery phases before the actual estimation is completed. By collecting these physiological parameters during the exercise and recovery periods, the system prepares all necessary data in advance to calculate maximum heart rate without requiring additional maximal exertion or dangerous testing.
3Stability of the object's composition
If maximum heart rate is updated only upwards, then the value never decreases, but this fails to account for the natural decrease with aging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic updating mechanism for maximum heart rate that can adjust both upwards and downwards based on the user's current physiological state and age. Rather than maintaining a static or only-increasing value, the system dynamically recalculates maximum heart rate by comparing new exercise data against the user's current age and physiological parameters, allowing the value to decrease naturally as the user ages while maintaining reliability.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and a system for determining the maximum heart rate, called HRmax of a user of in a freely performed physical exercise and using an apparatus with software and memory. An intensity model takes account of, in addition to heart rate, respiration rate and/or kinetics information.