Heart Rate Sensor Data Transmission via Audio Jack BFSK
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wearable technology struggles to efficiently and accurately transmit heart rate data from heart rate monitoring devices to mobile devices, particularly due to noise interference and clock drift issues in low-power, power-limited connections like those found in audio jacks, which affect the demodulation of sensor data.
Innovation Solution
The use of heart rate monitoring devices that modulate sensor data using binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK) with tones of 12 kHz and 18 kHz, transmitted over a wired connection, and a mobile device's demodulation system that adapts to clock drift and noise interference by selecting sampling rates and using adaptive down sampling techniques to accurately decode the data.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If sensor data is transmitted over a power-limited wired connection (audio jack), then power consumption is reduced and device simplicity is improved, but noise interference and clock drift increase, degrading data transmission reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional wireless transmission (electromagnetic system) with wired audio jack transmission (electrical system), leveraging the existing power-limited connection. This substitution reduces power consumption by using the audio jack's existing power capability while maintaining data transmission through electrical signals, accepting the trade-off of noise and clock drift that comes with this electrical connection method.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effects of noise and clock drift into manageable parameters by designing a demodulation system that specifically accounts for these distortions. The demodulator is engineered to compensate for the expected noise levels and clock drift characteristics of audio jack connections, transforming what would be transmission failures into reliable data recovery scenarios.
2Measurement precision
If adaptive down sampling and clock drift compensation are implemented, then measurement precision and reliability are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms in the demodulation process where the system continuously monitors for clock drift and noise patterns, then adjusts its sampling and demodulation parameters accordingly. This feedback loop enables the system to maintain high measurement precision by dynamically compensating for transmission errors without requiring overly complex hardware modifications.
Solution Approach 2:
The demodulation system employs dynamic adaptive down sampling that adjusts sampling rates based on detected signal quality and clock drift levels. Rather than using a fixed complex algorithm, the system dynamically modifies its processing approach in real-time, simplifying the overall system design while maintaining high measurement precision through flexible, condition-based processing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables reliable and accurate demodulation of heart rate data even in the presence of noise and clock drift, ensuring precise heart rate monitoring without the need for additional power sources beyond what is available from typical mobile devices.
Implementation Method 1
The use of heart rate monitoring devices that modulate sensor data using binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK) with tones of 12 kHz and 18 kHz
Data Source
AI summary
Technology for a wearable heart rate monitoring device is disclosed. The wearable heart rate monitoring device can include a heart rate sensor operable to collect sensor data, a modulator operable to generate a modulated signal that includes the sensor data, a housing configured to engage a body feature or surface in a manner that allows for heart rate detection, and a communication module configured to transmit the sensor data in the modulated signal to a mobile computing device via a wired connection that is power limited. The mobile computing device is typically configured to demodulate the modulated signal in order to extract the sensor data.