Heat-Driven Burst Compressor for Vapor-Compression Refrigeration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional vapor-compression systems for air-conditioning and refrigeration are energy-intensive and costly due to the need for electric motors or combustion engines to power compressors, leading to high energy consumption and additional heat production, which counteracts cooling efficiency and increases maintenance costs.

Innovation Solution

A vapor-compression system that utilizes a heat-driven 'burst compressor' and 'vapor pump' to pressurize refrigerant, leveraging low-cost or no-cost heat sources, such as solar energy or waste heat, to power the compressor and pump, reducing energy consumption and operational expenses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If conventional electric motors or combustion engines are used to power compressors, then the vapor-compression system can effectively pressurize and circulate refrigerant, but energy consumption increases significantly and additional heat is produced that counteracts cooling efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor powerVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the conventional electric motor or combustion engine with a heat-driven burst compressor that uses thermal energy to directly compress the refrigerant. The burst compressor utilizes rapid heating and cooling cycles to create pressure differentials that drive refrigerant circulation without requiring external electrical or fuel power, thereby eliminating the energy consumption and heat generation problems of conventional compressors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the operating parameters of the compressor by using temperature variations instead of mechanical rotation. The burst compressor operates by rapidly heating the refrigerant to create high-pressure bursts, then allowing it to cool and expand, creating a cyclic thermal compression process that replaces the continuous mechanical compression of conventional systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Power

If conventional electric motors or combustion engines are used to power compressors, then the vapor-compression system can effectively pressurize refrigerant, but maintenance costs increase due to frequent wear and breakdown

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressor powerVSAvoidmaintenance cost
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

By replacing the mechanical motor-driven compressor with a heat-driven burst compressor, the invention eliminates moving parts such as rotors, stators, and belts that are prone to wear and failure. The burst compressor uses thermal fields and pressure differentials to achieve compression, resulting in a system that requires minimal maintenance and has no routine service intervals.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Productivity

If conventional electric motors are used to drive fans that move air across condenser and evaporator coils, then heat exchange efficiency is maintained, but additional energy consumption occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat exchange efficiencyVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The heat-driven burst compressor creates natural convection currents through its rapid heating and cooling cycles, which automatically drive air flow across the condenser and evaporator coils without requiring external fan motors. The system uses its own operational thermal fields to generate the airflow needed for heat exchange, eliminating the need for separate power-consuming fan systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system provides efficient air-conditioning and refrigeration with significantly reduced energy costs and minimal additional heat production, enhancing cooling performance and extending equipment lifespan by eliminating the need for electricity or fuel-powered compressors.

Implementation Method 1

A heat-driven burst compressor pressurizes the refrigerant and supplies pressurized gaseous refrigerant to a vapor pump

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 2

The vapor in the evaporator is at an operating pressure which allows it to boil to a gaseous state at a low temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

the refrigerant in the evaporator boils from the heat of the air that is passing through the evaporator, thereby absorbing heat from that space

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat absorption: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 4

the previously absorbed heat is then released into the outside atmosphere and the gas condenses into a vapor under high pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Implementation Method 5

the vaporous refrigerant is then forced through a throttling value where its operating pressure is reduced to a level where it boils at a lower temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure reduction: Depressurisation

Data Source

PatentEP4022232B1Heat-driven vapor-compression system for air-conditioning and refrigeration
Publication Date: 2024.02.14 HYPERBOREAN INC
  • EP4022232B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4022232B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4022232B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Embodiments of the present invention reduce the amount of energy required to operate air-conditioners and refrigerators by providing a vapor-compression system that harnesses a low- or no-cost source of energy, namely, heat, and uses the harnessed heat to power a new kind of compressor, called a "burst compressor" and a new kind of pump, called a "vapor pump." The heat-driven burst compressor pressurizes the refrigerant, while also providing "push and pull" vapor refrigerant to the vapor pump. The vapor pump, actuated by the high pressure refrigerant in gaseous form provided by the burst compressor, is configured to pump a combination of gaseous, vaporous and liquid refrigerant out of the receiver tank and inject that low pressure refrigerant mix into the burst compressor, where it is heated to change the state of the refrigerant to a heated, pressurized gas. Then the heated, pressurized gas is released in bursts into the other components of the vapor compression cycle. Thus, embodiments of the present invention use heat to provide cold. Because of this arrangement, vapor-compression systems constructed and arranged to operate according to embodiments of the present invention are able to provide air-conditioning and/or refrigeration much more efficiently and with much less expense than traditional vapor compression systems for air-conditioning and refrigeration.