Heat exchange system
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing heat exchange systems face challenges in efficiently dissipating heat generated by data centers and other heat-producing apparatuses, as they often rely on substances like liquefied natural gas (LNG) that require effective heat absorption to change state, and struggle with varying heat loads and temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A heat exchange system utilizing a combination of heat exchangers, pumps, and a water storage tank, where an intermediate heating medium absorbs heat from water and transfers it to LNG, allowing for efficient heat dissipation through a loop configuration that includes turbines for power generation and includes additional features like chilled water and cooling water loops to manage heat distribution and absorption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If LNG is used to absorb heat for heat dissipation, then heat absorption capability is improved, but system complexity increases due to the need for phase change management and temperature matching
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediate heat transfer fluid (water or brine) that acts as a mediator between the heat source (data center) and LNG. The intermediate fluid absorbs heat from the data center and transfers it to LNG through a heat exchanger, eliminating the need for direct thermal contact and simplifying LNG phase change management while maintaining effective heat absorption.
Solution Approach 2:
The heat exchange system is divided into separate functional modules: a heat absorption loop (data center cooling), an intermediate fluid circulation loop, and an LNG vaporization loop. This segmentation allows each subsystem to operate independently at its optimal conditions, reducing overall system complexity while improving heat transfer efficiency.
2Device complexity
If a simple heat exchanger configuration is used, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability to varying heat loads and temperatures deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates dynamic flow control mechanisms including variable speed pumps and controllable valve arrangements that allow real-time adjustment of heat transfer rates. The intermediate fluid circulation rate and LNG vaporization rate can be independently controlled to match varying heat loads from the data center, enhancing adaptability without requiring complex multi-stage heat exchanger configurations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively transfers heat from data centers to LNG, enabling efficient heat dissipation and power generation while adapting to varying heat loads and temperatures, optimizing energy usage and cooling efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
The heat exchanger components 10 includes a first pump 12, a heat exchanger 13, a turbine 14, a heat exchanger 15
Implementation Method 2
To change to a gaseous state, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) needs to absorb heat
Implementation Method 3
a turbine 14, a heat exchanger 15, a heat exchanger 16
Data Source
AI summary
A heat exchange system includes a heat-absorbing substance such as Liquid Natural Gas (LNG), a heat dissipation apparatus, a water storage tank, a heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is coupled between the LNG and the water storage tank. The heat exchanger is coupled between the heat dissipation apparatus and the water storage tank. The heat exchanger transfers heat of the heat dissipation apparatus to water of the water storage tank to lose heat to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger transfers heat of the water to the LNG.