Heat Exchanger Header Bypass Layout for Low Pressure Loss

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing heat exchangers face increased pressure loss and lubricating oil stagnation issues when operating as evaporators, which affects their defrosting performance and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a first bypass pipe that communicates with the header and refrigerant pipe at specific positions to optimize refrigerant flow, reducing pressure loss and facilitating the recirculation of lubricating oil.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If heat transfer tubes communicate with the header at side portions to improve defrosting performance, then defrosting performance is improved, but pressure loss increases and lubricating oil stagnates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefrosting performanceVSAvoidpressure loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The header's internal space is segmented into an upper space and a lower space by a partition wall. The partition wall has a through-hole that allows refrigerant to flow between spaces. This segmentation enables different refrigerant flow paths for different operations: during defrosting, refrigerant can be directed to lower portions; during normal operation, refrigerant flows efficiently through the upper space, reducing pressure loss and preventing oil stagnation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If heat transfer tubes communicate with the header at side portions to improve defrosting performance, then defrosting performance is improved, but lubricating oil stagnation occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefrosting performanceVSAvoidlubricating oil stagnation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The header's internal space is segmented into an upper space and a lower space by a partition wall. The partition wall has a through-hole that allows refrigerant to flow between spaces. This segmentation enables different refrigerant flow paths for different operations: during defrosting, refrigerant can be directed to lower portions; during normal operation, refrigerant flows efficiently through the upper space, reducing pressure loss and preventing oil stagnation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the header are given different functions through the partition wall. The upper space is optimized for normal refrigerant flow with reduced pressure loss, while the lower space is optimized for defrosting operations. The through-hole in the partition wall allows selective access between regions, enabling each region to perform its specialized function without compromising the other.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Productivity

If multiple heat transfer tubes are arranged vertically to increase heat exchange capacity, then heat exchange capacity is improved, but pressure loss and oil stagnation increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat exchange capacityVSAvoidpressure loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The header's internal space is segmented into an upper space and a lower space by a partition wall. The partition wall has a through-hole that allows refrigerant to flow between spaces. This segmentation enables different refrigerant flow paths for different operations: during defrosting, refrigerant can be directed to lower portions; during normal operation, refrigerant flows efficiently through the upper space, reducing pressure loss and preventing oil stagnation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances defrosting performance, reduces pressure loss, and minimizes lubricating oil stagnation, improving the overall efficiency and manufacturing ease of the heat exchanger.

Implementation Method 1

a first bypass pipe having ends one of which communicates with a lower portion of the header and the other of which communicates with a middle portion of the refrigerant pipe

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

optimize refrigerant flow, reducing pressure loss and facilitating the recirculation of lubricating oil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow:

Data Source

PatentEP3637033B1Heat exchanger and refrigeration cycle device
Publication Date: 2024.01.03 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP
  • EP3637033B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3637033B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3637033B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged at predetermined intervals in a vertical direction, a tubular header that has a plurality of connection portions where the heat transfer tubes are connected to a side portion of the header and that communicates with each of the heat transfer tubes, a refrigerant pipe that communicates with the header at a middle portion of the header in the vertical direction, and a first bypass pipe having ends one of which communicates with a lower portion of the header and the other of which communicates with a middle portion of the refrigerant pipe. A distance between a communication position at which the first bypass pipe and the refrigerant pipe communicate with each other and an inner wall of the header is not more than double an inside diameter of the refrigerant pipe.