Heat Exchanger Cable Restraint for Vibration Detuning

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Gas turbine systems face vibration issues in heat exchangers due to oscillating exhaust gas flows, leading to potential resonance and mechanical damage, as existing solutions do not effectively adjust the natural frequency of heat exchangers to match the excitation load frequencies.

Innovation Solution

A restraint system comprising a cable and sleeve assembly with adjustable tensioners, including spring, turnbuckle, fluid-driven, electric-driven, and manual tensioners, to stiffen the heat exchangers and detune their natural frequencies away from excitation load frequencies, thereby reducing resonance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If rigid restraints are used to support heat exchangers, then stability and support strength are improved, but weight and device complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesupport strengthVSAvoidrestraint system weight
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies flexible cables instead of rigid restraints to support the heat exchanger. The cables are tensioned to provide the necessary support force while being significantly lighter than rigid structural elements would be. This flexible cable system maintains sufficient support strength while reducing the weight of the restraint system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces a traditional rigid mechanical restraint system with a cable-based tensioning system. By using flexible cables with tensioners rather than rigid beams or frames, the system achieves the required support function with reduced weight and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Stability of the object's composition

If cable tension is increased to stiffen the heat exchanger, then natural frequency increases and resonance is reduced, but the restraint system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenatural frequencyVSAvoidrestraint system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs adjustable tensioners that allow the cable tension to be dynamically modified. This enables the natural frequency of the heat exchanger to be tuned by adjusting the tension, providing a simple mechanism to avoid resonance without requiring complex rigid structures with fixed natural frequencies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the tension parameter of the cables to adjust the stiffness and natural frequency of the heat exchanger support system. By varying this single parameter through simple tensioners, the system can be tuned to avoid resonant frequencies without increasing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If multiple tensioners are added to adjust stiffness, then adaptability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestiffness adjustment capabilityVSAvoidtensioning system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the restraint system into multiple independent cable-tensioner units distributed at different locations on the heat exchanger. Each unit can be independently adjusted, providing localized stiffness control and overall adaptability while keeping each individual unit simple and modular.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively reduces vibration and the risk of resonance in heat exchangers by adjusting their stiffness and natural frequencies, providing a flexible and lighter alternative to rigid restraints while maintaining effective support along the flow path.

Implementation Method 1

a first cable extending through the first sleeve... a first tensioner coupled to the first cable, wherein the first tensioner is configured to provide a first tension in the first cable

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTension: Tension

Implementation Method 2

a first bumper coupled to the first sleeve. The first bumper is configured to contact the heat exchanger

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical Force: Mechanical Force

Data Source

PatentEP4198391B1System and method for restraining heat exchanger with cable in tension
Publication Date: 2024.09.25 GENERAL ELECTRIC TECH GMBH
  • EP4198391B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4198391B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4198391B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5

AI summary

A system (10) includes a restraint system (18) configured to support a heat exchanger (78) along a flow path within a duct (74). The restraint system (18) includes a first sleeve (86) configured to extend between opposite first and second walls (92, 94) of the duct (74), a first cable (84) extending through the first sleeve (86), and a first bumper (172) coupled to the first sleeve (86). The first bumper (172) is configured to contact the heat exchanger (78). The restraint system (18) includes a first tensioner (96, 98) coupled to the first cable (84), wherein the first tensioner (96, 98) is configured to provide a first tension in the first cable (84). The first tension is adjustable to detune the natural frequency of the heat exchanger (78) away from any excitation load frequencies caused by an exhaust gas flow (68) through the duct (74).