Heat Resistant Composite Structures with Multi-Layer Thermal Protection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Composite structures, such as those used in aircraft landing gear, are prone to losing structural integrity and igniting when exposed to heat, necessitating effective heat protection to prevent such damage.

Innovation Solution

A heat resistant system is integrated into composite structures, comprising a composite core with a thermal barrier layer made from materials like montmorillonite and polyvinyl alcohol, a heat dissipation layer with materials like boron nitride, and an intumescent layer that reacts to form char or foam to suppress heat and flames, along with a protective mesh for enhanced protection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Weight of moving object

If composite structures are exposed to heat, then weight reduction and structural performance are improved, but structural integrity is lost and ignition occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveweightVSAvoidstructural integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The heat resistant system is divided into multiple functional layers: thermal barrier layer (montmorillonite, aluminum hydroxide) for heat reflection, heat dissipation layer (boron nitride, graphite) for thermal conduction, and intumescent layer (melamine cyanurate, polyphosphates) for flame suppression. This segmentation allows each layer to address specific aspects of heat protection while maintaining overall structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies composite materials at multiple levels: the heat resistant system itself is a composite of organic binders (polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide) and inorganic heat-resistant materials; the outer composite layer integrates additional heat-resistant additives into the structural composite. This multi-level composite approach provides both weight efficiency and thermal protection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-affected harmful factors

If heat resistant coatings are applied to composite structures, then protection from heat exposure is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat protectionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple heat protection functions are merged into a single integrated heat resistant system that can be applied as a unified coating on the composite core. The system combines thermal barrier, heat dissipation, and intumescent properties in one application process, reducing manufacturing complexity compared to applying separate coatings for each function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The heat resistant system provides multiple protective functions simultaneously: thermal reflection, heat conduction away from the core, and flame suppression. This multi-functionality reduces the need for multiple separate protection systems, thereby simplifying the overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If intumescent materials are incorporated into the heat resistant system, then ignition resistance is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveignition resistanceVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The intumescent materials (melamine cyanurate, polyphosphates, pentaerythritol) are pre-incorporated into the heat resistant system coating before application to the composite core. This preliminary incorporation ensures uniform distribution and immediate functionality upon heat exposure, eliminating the need for post-application treatments or complex assembly steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively prevents ignition and structural damage from heat exposure, as demonstrated by withstanding flame exposure for extended periods without igniting, showcasing its efficacy in protecting composite structures from thermal threats.

Implementation Method 1

a thermal barrier layer made from materials like montmorillonite and polyvinyl alcohol

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal barrier: Thermal Insulation

Implementation Method 2

a heat dissipation layer with materials like boron nitride

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

an intumescent layer that reacts to form char or foam to suppress heat and flames

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIntumescent expansion: Intumescent Materials

Data Source

PatentEP3360679B1Heat resistant systems and methods for composite structures
Publication Date: 2024.08.07 GOODRICH CORP
  • EP3360679B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3360679B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3360679B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~4B

AI summary

A composite structure (300) may comprise a composite core (310) comprising a composite material, and a heat resistant system (320) coupled to the composite core comprising a binder and/or at least one of a heat dissipation material or a thermal barrier material. The heat dissipation material may comprise boron nitride, graphene, graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, aluminum foil, and/or copper foil, and the thermal barrier material may comprise montmorillonite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, silicate glass, mica powder or flake, aluminum oxide powder, titanium dioxide powder, and/or zirconium oxide powder. The binder may comprise at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol copolyacetate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, polyethylenimine, polyurethane, polyester, or latex.