Heat transfer fluid
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current refrigerant and heat transfer fluids, such as HFC-134a, R-404A, and R-407C, have high global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP), posing environmental concerns, while alternatives like carbon dioxide face challenges due to high pressure requirements and operational disadvantages.
Innovation Solution
Compositions comprising 60% to 90% by weight of 2,3,3-tetrafluoropropene combined with 10% to 40% by weight of difluoroethane and difluoromethane, offering zero ODP and a lower GWP, suitable for use as heat transfer fluids, refrigerants, blowing agents, aerosols, and solvents, potentially replacing existing fluids like R-404A and R-407C in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If HFC-134a is used as a refrigerant fluid to replace CFC-12, then ozone depletion potential is reduced, but global warming potential increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by using hydrofluoropropenes (specifically 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) instead of conventional HFCs. This chemical parameter change results in a GWP of less than 150 while maintaining zero ODP, thereby resolving the contradiction between reducing ozone depletion and minimizing global warming potential
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite refrigerant compositions by combining hydrofluoropropenes with other fluorinated compounds in specific ratios. These composite formulations achieve optimal balance between environmental performance (low GWP and zero ODP) and thermodynamic properties required for effective refrigeration
2Object-generated harmful factors
If carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant fluid to achieve low GWP, then global warming potential is reduced, but operating pressure increases very high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameter of operating pressure by introducing hydrofluoropropene-based refrigerants that operate at moderate pressures. These compositions achieve GWP of less than 150 without requiring the extremely high operating pressures that characterize CO2 systems, thereby resolving the contradiction between low GWP and manageable pressure levels
3Productivity
If existing refrigerant mixtures like R-404A or R-407C are used, then refrigeration and air conditioning performance is maintained, but global warming potential remains very high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the compositional parameters by replacing conventional HFC components with hydrofluoropropenes. This substitution maintains the thermodynamic performance and refrigeration efficiency of existing systems while dramatically reducing GWP from values above 1500 to less than 150, thereby resolving the contradiction between maintaining productivity and reducing environmental harm
Data Source
AI summary
Compositions which are based on tetrafluoropropene and more particularly relates to compositions including 60% to 90% by weight of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 10% to 40% by weight of at least one compound selected from difluoroethane and difluoromethane, which can be used as a heat transfer fluid. The compositions may include 60% to 79% by weight of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 21% to 40% by weight of a compound selected from difluoroethane and difluoromethane.