Heated Pathogen Inactivation Facial Mask
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current facial masks do not effectively inactivate airborne pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, which can be transmitted through direct or indirect contact, posing a risk to public health, especially during outbreaks like the novel-coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) pandemic.
Innovation Solution
A facial mask equipped with a pathogen inactivation system that includes a heating element, such as a nichrome wire or positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistor, embedded within the mask or as a nose plug, which is activated by a controller and power source to heat and inactivate pathogens upon detection of a predetermined threshold, ensuring continuous protection against respiratory viruses and bacteria.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a heating element is embedded in the facial mask to inactivate pathogens, then pathogen inactivation effectiveness is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The heating element is embedded within the facial mask structure, with the controller and power source integrated into the mask layers. The heating element is positioned between the inner and outer mask layers, creating a nested configuration where multiple functional components are housed within the mask itself, reducing the need for external devices while maintaining pathogen inactivation capability
Solution Approach 2:
The facial mask is designed to perform multiple functions: filtration through the filter layer, heating to inactivate pathogens, and potential recharging of the power source. This multi-functionality consolidates what would otherwise require separate devices into a single integrated unit, improving reliability without proportionally increasing complexity
2Reliability
If a heating element is activated to inactivate pathogens, then pathogen inactivation effectiveness is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The heating element is activated periodically rather than continuously, with the controller managing when the heating function is engaged. This periodic activation maintains pathogen inactivation effectiveness while significantly reducing overall energy consumption compared to continuous operation
Solution Approach 2:
The power source is designed to be rechargeable, allowing the mask to recharge when not in use or when connected to a power supply. This self-service capability reduces the frequency of battery replacements and manages energy consumption more efficiently throughout the product lifecycle
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The pathogen inactivation system effectively inactivates viruses and bacteria by heating them to a temperature capable of neutralization, providing continuous protection and minimizing exposure to airborne pathogens, as demonstrated by preliminary testing showing significant log10 reduction of microorganisms, without contributing to antimicrobial resistance.
Implementation Method 1
a pathogen inactivation system configured to heat and inactivate bacteria and viruses
Implementation Method 2
a heating element, such as a nichrome wire or positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistor, embedded within the mask or as a nose plug, which is activated by a controller and power source to heat and inactivate pathogens
Data Source
AI summary
A facial mask having pathogen inactivation capabilities is disclosed. One embodiment comprises a mask and a pathogen inactivation system coupled to the mask. The pathogen inactivation system is configured to heat and inactivate bacteria and viruses.