Heating Engine Control Circuit for Stable Vaping Heater PWM

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Solution Overview

Problem

Non-nicotine electronic vaping devices lack efficient control systems for heating engines, leading to inconsistent vapor production and potential issues like dry puff conditions, which affect user experience and device performance.

Innovation Solution

A heating engine control circuit is introduced, comprising a rail converter circuit and a gate driver circuit with an integrated gate driver, which converts power supply voltage into a pulse width modulated power signal, enabling precise control of the heater based on enable signals and feedback signals, and includes features like a boot-strap charge-pump circuit and filter circuits to maintain stable operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a simple power supply system is used for the heater, then the device complexity is reduced, but the heating consistency and vapor production reliability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol system complexityVSAvoidheating consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback control system where the controller monitors heater operation and adjusts power delivery accordingly. The controller receives feedback from the heater element and modifies the duty cycle of the enable signal to maintain consistent heating, preventing both dry puff conditions and overheating while ensuring reliable vapor production.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs dynamic control of the heater through variable duty cycle adjustment. The enable signal's duty cycle is dynamically modified based on operational conditions, allowing the system to adapt heating power in real-time. This dynamic approach maintains heating consistency across different vaping conditions while extending device lifespan.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If high power is applied to the heater continuously, then vapor production is enhanced, but dry puff conditions and device degradation occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevapor productionVSAvoiddevice lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies periodic pulsed heating through the enable signal that controls the heater in on-off cycles. This periodic action allows the heater to reach optimal temperature for vaporization without continuous overheating. The duty cycle adjustment ensures sufficient heating for vapor production while providing rest periods that prevent degradation and dry puff conditions, extending device lifespan.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically changes the duty cycle parameter of the enable signal based on operational needs. By adjusting this parameter, the system optimizes the balance between heating duration and cooling periods, ensuring adequate vapor production while preventing overheating and dry puff conditions that would otherwise shorten device lifespan.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If pulse width modulation is used for heater control, then heating precision is improved, but the control circuit complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating control precisionVSAvoidcontrol circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the control function into distinct modules: the controller generates the PWM enable signal, the gate driver circuit amplifies and conditions it, and the heater executes the heating. This segmentation allows precise PWM control while distributing circuit complexity across separate functional blocks, making the overall system more manageable and maintainable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a gate driver circuit as an intermediary between the controller and the heater. This intermediary component translates the low-power PWM control signal into appropriate drive signals for the heater, enabling precise heating control without requiring the controller to directly handle high power, thus reducing control circuit complexity while maintaining precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides consistent and controlled heating, preventing dry puff conditions and enhancing user experience by ensuring reliable vapor production and extending the device's operational lifespan.

Implementation Method 1

converts power supply voltage into a pulse width modulated power signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPulse Width Modulation: Phase Modulation

Implementation Method 2

a heater configured to heat non-nicotine pre-vapor formulation drawn from a non-nicotine reservoir

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule Heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

heats non-nicotine pre-vapor formulation to produce non-nicotine vapor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVaporization: Evaporation

Implementation Method 4

a boot-strap charge-pump circuit connected between an input voltage pin and a boost pin of the integrated gate driver

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCharge Pumping: Pump

Implementation Method 5

the gate driver circuit may include a filter circuit connected to the input pin, the filter circuit configured to filter the second enable signal prior to input to the integrated gate driver

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Filtering: Filter (electronic)

Data Source

PatentEP4176691B1Heating engine control circuits and non-nicotine electronic vaping devices including the same
Publication Date: 2024.08.14 ALTRIA CLIENT SERVICES LLC
  • EP4176691B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4176691B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4176691B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The heating engine control circuit includes a rail converter circuit and a gate driver circuit. The rail converter circuit is configured to convert a power supply voltage into a power signal based on a vaping enable signal, the vaping enable signal being a pulse width modulated signal. The gate driver circuit includes an integrated gate driver. The integrated gate driver is configured to control application of power to a heater of the non-nicotine electronic vaping device based on the power signal, a first enable signal and a second enable signal.