Heating Element Pulse Control for Stable Aerosol Temperature

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing smoking substitute devices face challenges in controlling the power supplied to heating elements, leading to over-heating or under-heating of e-liquid/tobacco, which can result in an undesirable user experience and exposure to harmful substances.

Innovation Solution

A system for controlling the power supplied to a heating element in smoking substitute devices, using a controller to maintain the temperature at a predetermined threshold by determining the heating element's temperature at regular intervals and adjusting power supply accordingly, employing a sensor and an electronic switch to prevent overheating or underheating.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If power is supplied continuously to the heating element, then aerosol production is maintained, but temperature overshoot and harmful substance generation occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerosol productionVSAvoidharmful substance generation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic pulsed power supply to the heating element instead of continuous power supply. The controller delivers power in controlled pulses, allowing the heating element temperature to rise during pulse periods and cool during inter-pulse periods. This periodic action maintains aerosol production while preventing temperature overshoot that generates harmful combustion byproducts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a temperature sensor to continuously monitor the heating element temperature and feeds this information back to the controller. The controller adjusts the power supply pulse duration and frequency based on the feedback temperature signal, ensuring the temperature remains within the optimal range for aerosol generation without exceeding thresholds that produce harmful substances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Productivity

If power supply is increased to prevent under-heating, then aerosol production improves, but over-heating and combustion occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerosol productionVSAvoidheating element temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic power supply control where the controller adjusts the pulse width and frequency of power delivery based on real-time temperature feedback. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to respond to changing thermal conditions, maintaining optimal temperature for aerosol production while preventing both under-heating and over-heating scenarios.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the power supply parameters (voltage, current, pulse duration, frequency) dynamically based on temperature conditions. By adjusting these parameters in response to temperature feedback, the system maintains the heating element temperature within the optimal range for aerosol generation without causing combustion or harmful byproduct formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-affected harmful factors

If temperature control precision is improved, then harmful substance generation is reduced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveharmful substance generationVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a self-regulating temperature control system where the temperature sensor continuously monitors the heating element temperature and automatically adjusts power supply through the controller. This self-service mechanism maintains precise temperature control without requiring external intervention or complex manual regulation, achieving harmful substance reduction while keeping the control system relatively simple.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively maintains the heating element's temperature at an optimal level, reducing overshoot and improving user experience by preventing over-heating and under-heating, thus ensuring a consistent aerosol production.

Implementation Method 1

electrical energy is supplied from the power source to the heating device, which heats the e-liquid to produce an aerosol

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

determining, by a sensor, the temperature of a heating element at each signal event of the periodic signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature sensing through electrical measurement: Thermistor

Implementation Method 3

employing a sensor and an electronic switch to prevent overheating or underheating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical switching: Relay

Data Source

PatentEP4033923B1System for controlling a smoking substitute device
Publication Date: 2026.03.18 IMPERIAL TOBACCO LTD
  • EP4033923B1 patent drawingFigure 1(a)~1(c)
  • EP4033923B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~2(b)
  • EP4033923B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A system for controlling a smoking substitute device having a heating element. The system comprises a receiver module configured to receive a periodic signal. The periodic signal is in the form of a series of signal events. The system also comprises a sensor configured to determine a temperature of the heating element in response to the receipt of a signal event of the periodic signal by the receiver module, and a controller. If the determined temperature is below a predetermined threshold, the controller is configured to cause power to be supplied to the heating element for a heating period, the heating period being shorter than or equal to the period of the periodic signal.