Helicoidal Mono-Conical Antenna for Dual-Band Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antennas for terrestrial and satellite communications fail to operate with high and uniform efficiency across specific frequency bands (200-500 MHz) due to limitations in polarization type, mechanical fragility, and spatial encumbrance, requiring complex mechanical combinations of different antennas.
Innovation Solution
A helicoidal, mixed polarization mono-conical antenna with a supporting structure, radially connected ground conductors, and signal conductors wound in a helicoidal manner to form a frusto-conical volume, providing balanced vertical and circular polarization and a single coaxial power connector.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If simple antennas are used for terrestrial or satellite communications, then the structure is simple and easy to produce, but they fail to operate with high and uniform efficiency across both frequency bands (200-500 MHz and 240-320 MHz) and are limited to exclusive vertical or circular polarization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple antenna functions into a single integrated structure. The conical antenna element with specific geometric parameters (aperture diameter D, height h, and flare angle α) is designed to operate across both terrestrial (200-500 MHz) and satellite (240-320 MHz) frequency bands simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate antennas while maintaining high and uniform efficiency across both bands.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna is designed with universal functionality to serve multiple communication purposes. By optimizing the conical geometry and using a reflector with specific dimensions (diameter 1.5D to 2D), the antenna achieves omnidirectional radiation patterns suitable for both terrestrial mobile communications and satellite communications, allowing a single antenna to replace multiple specialized antennas.
2Reliability
If complex antennas are used to operate in both frequency bands with different polarizations, then the operational efficiency is improved, but the device becomes mechanically fragile, spatially encumbering, and requires multiple signal input connectors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antenna elements into a single conical structure with a reflector. Instead of mechanically joining different types of antennas for terrestrial and satellite communications, the invention uses one integrated conical antenna element with optimized dimensions that naturally supports both frequency bands and polarization types, thereby reducing mechanical complexity and eliminating the need for multiple connectors.
Solution Approach 2:
The conical antenna element is designed with universal characteristics that allow it to function across different frequency bands and polarization modes. The specific geometric parameters (flare angle α between 15°-45°, height h between 0.1D-0.3D) enable the antenna to provide both vertical and circular polarization capabilities inherently, eliminating the need for complex mechanical assemblies of multiple specialized antennas.
3Productivity
If multiple antennas are mechanically joined to cover different frequency bands, then the bandwidth is improved, but the spatial encumbrance and mechanical fragility increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple frequency band coverage into a single conical antenna structure with a reflector. The conical element with optimized dimensions (aperture D, height h, flare angle α) and the reflector with diameter 1.5D to 2D create an integrated system that provides continuous omnidirectional radiation across both terrestrial (200-500 MHz) and satellite (240-320 MHz) bands, reducing spatial encumbrance compared to multiple separate antennas.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna achieves high efficiency and bandwidth across 200-500 MHz, with balanced polarization and omnidirectional radiation, suitable for terrestrial, nautical, and satellite communications, while being mechanically robust and easy to produce.
Implementation Method 1
at least three signal conductors... are wound in a helicoidal manner relative to the axis and are shaped so as to define a substantially frusto-conical volume... providing balanced vertical and circular polarization
Implementation Method 2
a plurality of ground conductors connected in a radial pattern to an area around a first portion of the supporting structure to define a ground plane... providing omnidirectional radiation
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
AI summary
Helicoidal, mixed polarization mono-conical antenna having: a supporting structure (2) with a longitudinal axis (2a); ground conductors (3) connected to an area around a first portion (4) of the supporting structure (2) defining a ground plane (21) of the antenna (1) orthogonal to the axis (2a); at least three signal conductors (7), which have respective first ends (8) that are connected to a second portion (5) of the supporting structure (2) and respective second ends (10) that are connected to a third portion (6) of the supporting structure (2) located between the first portion (4) and the second portion (5) along the axis (2a), are wound in a helicoidal manner relative to the axis (2a) are shaped so as to define a substantially frusto-conical volume (12) which is coaxial to the axis (2a) and is oriented with the smaller base towards the first portion (4).