Helicopter Motor Torque Control via Speed-Dependent Limits

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems for controlling aircraft motors, particularly in helicopters, face challenges in ensuring safe and proper operation, especially regarding torque and speed management during different phases of operation, which can lead to hazards such as gearbox or drive train damage from excessive torque or speed changes.

Innovation Solution

A controller system that regulates motor operation based on control inputs related to output torque and speed changes, utilizing switches to select between manual and automatic modes, and imposing torque and speed limits to prevent excessive changes, ensuring safe operation during startup, ground checks, and flight phases.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If the motor is allowed to produce full torque at low speed, then the motor power is maximized, but the gearbox or drive train may be damaged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemotor powerVSAvoiddamage to gearbox or drive train
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The control system preemptively limits torque output at low speeds before damage can occur. The controller monitors motor speed and automatically imposes torque restrictions when speed falls below a threshold, preventing harmful conditions before they affect the drive train.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors motor speed and torque output, using feedback control to adjust torque limits dynamically. When low speed is detected, the controller reduces torque commands to protect the drive train, and restores full torque capability when speed increases to safe levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of operation

If the motor speed control is directly manipulated by the pilot, then the control flexibility is improved, but excessive speed or torque changes may occur during ground operations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol flexibilityVSAvoidexcessive speed or torque changes
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The control system dynamically adjusts torque limits based on operating conditions. During ground operations, the controller imposes stricter torque limits to prevent excessive changes, while allowing greater flexibility during flight operations when the helicopter is airborne and more stable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes control parameters based on flight phase detection. The controller monitors operational context and modifies torque and speed limit parameters accordingly, maintaining pilot flexibility while preventing harmful conditions during vulnerable phases like ground operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If torque and speed limits are imposed to prevent damage, then the safety is improved, but the motor operation may be restricted

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidmotor operation flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The control system establishes safety limits in advance based on pre-determined thresholds for motor speed and torque. These limits are configured to prevent damage while allowing full operational capability within safe parameters, ensuring both protection and flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP2703927B1Propulsion system for helicopter
Publication Date: 2018.10.03 SIKORSKY AIRCRAFT CORP
  • EP2703927B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2703927B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2703927B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

An apparatus is described comprising: at least one processor; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: regulate an operation of a motor based at least in part on a control imposed on an output torque of the motor and a rate of change of a speed of the motor.