Electro-Opto-Mechanical Accelerometer with Helium Gas Damping

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing navigation systems, such as inertial guidance systems, face challenges in accurately measuring high levels of acceleration and detecting small changes in acceleration values, particularly when operating in high-vacuum environments, which can lead to frequency nonlinearities and distortions known as 'optical shark fin' distortions, affecting the accuracy of acceleration data.

Innovation Solution

The proposed solution involves an electro-opto-mechanical accelerometer system that uses double-ended tuning fork structures to suspend a proof mass, employing optical signals to induce mechanical vibrations and measure frequency shifts, with a positive feedback loop to efficiently calculate acceleration. This system operates in a controlled environment with a partial pressure of Helium gas to manage thermal effects and maintain mechanical quality factor, enhancing sensitivity and accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If optical signals are used to measure frequency shifts in DETF structures for acceleration detection, then measurement precision is improved, but optical shark fin distortions and frequency nonlinearities occur under high acceleration conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveacceleration measurement precisionVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy under high acceleration
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the operating environment parameter from high vacuum to partial vacuum with controlled Helium gas pressure (1-1000 mTorr). This parameter change reduces optical shark fin distortions and frequency nonlinearities while maintaining high measurement precision through the controlled gas environment that dampens unwanted mechanical vibrations and stabilizes the optical measurement process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

Helium gas is introduced as an intermediary medium between the DETF structures and the vacuum environment. This intermediary gas cushion reduces the direct interaction between optical signals and the high-vacuum environment that causes shark fin distortions, while still allowing accurate frequency measurement through the photodetector system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Stability of the object's composition

If high vacuum environment is used for accelerometer operation, then mechanical quality factor is improved, but optical shark fin distortions and frequency nonlinearities increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical quality factorVSAvoidfrequency measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The vacuum level parameter is changed from high vacuum (10^-6 to 10^-9 Torr) to partial vacuum (1-1000 mTorr) with controlled Helium gas pressure. This parameter change maintains high mechanical quality factor by minimizing gas molecule interactions while eliminating optical shark fin distortions through the presence of the gas cushion that stabilizes the optical measurement process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If Helium gas is introduced to manage thermal effects, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveacceleration measurement accuracyVSAvoidenvironmental control system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Helium gas serves as a multi-functional intermediary that simultaneously manages thermal effects, reduces optical shark fin distortions, and maintains mechanical quality factor. This single intermediary substance addresses multiple performance issues without requiring complex active control systems, thereby improving measurement accuracy while limiting the increase in device complexity to simple pressure control mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves high sensitivity and accuracy in measuring acceleration values, capable of detecting small changes and maintaining precision under high acceleration conditions, while minimizing distortions and maintaining mechanical quality factor, thus improving the tracking of object positions in inertial navigation systems.

Implementation Method 1

The DETF structure modulates the optical signal in response to acceleration-induced frequency shifts

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical modulation: Phase Modulation

Implementation Method 2

A photoreceiver converts the modulated optical signal into an electrical signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric conversion: Photoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 3

Optical signals are used to induce mechanical vibrations and measure frequency shifts

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOpto-mechanical coupling: Radiation Pressure

Data Source

PatentEP3719505B1An accelerometer for determining an acceleration based on modulated optical signals
Publication Date: 2022.08.31 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC
  • EP3719505B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3719505B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3719505B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

This disclosure is related to devices, systems, and techniques for determining, using an electro-opto-mechanical accelerometer system, a frequency value in order to determine an acceleration value. For example, an accelerometer system includes a light-emitting device configured to emit an optical signal and a circuit. The circuit is configured to modulate, using a modulating device, the optical signal to produce a modulated optical signal, receive, using a photoreceiver, the modulated optical signal, convert, using the photoreceiver, the modulated optical signal into an electrical signal, process the electrical signal to obtain a processed electrical signal, and transmit the processed electrical signal to the modulating device, where the modulating device is configured to modulate the optical signal based on the processed electrical signal. Additionally, the circuit is configured to determine, based on the processed electrical signal, a frequency value.