Ballistic Helmet Shell Using Optimized Polyethylene Matrix

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing ballistic-resistant helmets with reduced areal density using HMPE fibers suffer from poor blunt impact performance and low ear-to-ear stiffness, compromising their protective capabilities against lateral compression and back face deformation.

Innovation Solution

A process involving compression molding of a stack of composite sheets with unidirectionally aligned ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers and a polyethylene resin matrix, optimized for temperature and pressure conditions to produce a lightweight, high-stiffness, and high-ballistic-performance helmet shell.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Weight of moving object

If HMPE fiber composites are used to reduce helmet weight, then weight is reduced, but blunt impact performance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehelmet weightVSAvoidblunt impact performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the matrix material parameter from conventional polymers to specifically polyethylene with density 900-970 kg/m³ and melt flow index 0.5-50 g/10min, which optimizes the balance between weight reduction and blunt impact performance by controlling the matrix's mechanical properties while maintaining lightweight characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a composite material system combining HMPE fibers with polyethylene matrix, where the specific combination of high-strength fibers and optimized matrix material achieves both weight reduction and improved blunt impact resistance that neither material could achieve alone

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Quantity of substance

If areal density is reduced by replacing aramid or inorganic fibers with HMPE, then weight is reduced, but ear to ear stiffness deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveareal densityVSAvoidear to ear stiffness
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention optimizes the polyethylene matrix parameters (density 900-970 kg/m³, melt flow index 0.5-50 g/10min) to achieve the right balance between reducing areal density and maintaining sufficient ear to ear stiffness for lateral compression resistance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Length of stationary object

If helmet thickness is reduced to achieve light weight, then weight is reduced, but back face deformation performance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehelmet thicknessVSAvoidback face deformation resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of stationary objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention employs a composite structure of HMPE fibers embedded in polyethylene matrix that provides high strength-to-thickness ratio, enabling reduced helmet thickness while maintaining or improving back face deformation performance through the synergistic effect of fiber reinforcement and optimized matrix material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

By changing the matrix material to polyethylene with specific properties (density 900-970 kg/m³, melt flow index 0.5-50 g/10min), the invention achieves better energy absorption and deformation characteristics that improve back face performance even at reduced thickness

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The resulting helmet shells exhibit improved ballistic resistance, reduced blunt impact acceleration, enhanced ear-to-ear stiffness, and lower back face deformation, meeting stringent protection standards while maintaining a low areal density.

Implementation Method 1

composite sheets comprising unidirectionally aligned ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers and a matrix comprising a polyethylene resin

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesion: Adhesive

Implementation Method 2

pressing in a mold a stack comprising a plurality of composite sheets

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompression: Compression

Implementation Method 3

pressing in a mold a stack comprising a plurality of composite sheets having unidirectionally aligned ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers and a matrix comprising a polyethylene resin

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Data Source

PatentUS20230191666A1Ballistic-resistant helmet shell
Publication Date: 2023.06.22 AVIENT PROTECTIVE MATERIALS BV

AI summary

The invention relates to a process for producing a ballistic-resistant curved molded article said process comprising forming a stack of a plurality of composite sheets, pressing the stack comprising the composite sheets at a temperature of between 80° C. to 150° C. and a pressure of between 10 and 400 bar for at least 5 minutes to obtain a curved molded article, cooling the compacted stack to a temperature below 80° C. while maintaining the pressure above 10 bar, releasing the pressure from the cooled curved molded article; wherein the composite sheets comprise unidirectionally aligned high tenacity polyethylene fibers and a matrix comprising a polyethylene resin being a homopolymer or copolymer of ethylene having a density of between 870 to 980 kg/m3 when measured according to ISO1183 and a melt flow index of between 0.5 and 50 g/10 min when measured according to ASTM 1238B-13 at a temperature of 190° C. and a weight of 21.6 kg.