Hemodynamic Analysis System Using Pressure Complement Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing techniques for hemodynamic analysis, such as FFR and CFR-based methods, often produce inaccurate and inconsistent results, making them impractical for detecting hemodynamic disorders like blood flow restriction and coronary artery disease.
Innovation Solution
A pressure-derived coronary flow reserve-based hemodynamic analysis system that receives blood pressure data from sensors within a cardiovascular structure, calculates a complement of the ratio of distal coronary pressure to aortic pressure, and detects hemodynamic disorders by comparing this ratio to thresholds.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If FFR-based techniques are used to evaluate flow-limiting disease in large epicardial coronary arteries, then the degree of flow-limiting disease can be evaluated, but the results are often inaccurate and inconsistent
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from pressure ratio (FFR) to complement of pressure ratio (1-Pd/Pa), and from single-point measurement to multi-beat aggregation. This parameter transformation fundamentally alters what is being measured, allowing detection of microvascular dysfunction that traditional FFR cannot capture, thereby improving both accuracy and consistency of hemodynamic assessment
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary equalization of aortic and distal coronary pressures when sensors are at the same location before actual measurement. This preliminary calibration action ensures accurate baseline establishment, preventing measurement errors and improving result consistency across multiple heartbeats
2Measurement precision
If CFR-based techniques are used to evaluate microvascular function by comparing blood flow velocity or temperature at a single location, then microvascular function can be assessed, but the measurements are often inaccurate and inconsistent
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical/physical measurement methods (velocity sensors, temperature sensors) with a pressure-based measurement system. By using pressure transducers and calculating complement of pressure ratios, the system achieves more reliable and consistent microvascular function assessment without the inaccuracies associated with velocity and temperature measurements
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary equalization of aortic and distal coronary pressures when sensors are at the same location before actual measurement. This preliminary calibration action ensures accurate baseline establishment, preventing measurement errors and improving result consistency across multiple heartbeats
3Adaptability or versatility
If pressure measurements are taken at two locations to calculate FFR, then flow-limiting disease can be evaluated, but the technique does not provide accurate detection of microvascular dysfunction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the measurement parameter from pressure ratio to complement of pressure ratio (1-Pd/Pa), and further to the ratio of maximum to minimum complements. This parameter transformation enables the system to detect both epicardial and microvascular disorders with high accuracy, providing versatile detection capability that traditional FFR lacks
Data Source
AI summary
Articles of manufacture, including an apparatus for detecting a hemodynamic disorder, are provided. A method may include receiving a blood pressure, including an aortic pressure and a distal coronary pressure, over a plurality of heartbeats. The method also includes determining a complement of a ratio of the distal coronary pressure to the aortic pressure for each heartbeat of the plurality of heartbeats. The method also includes determining, based on the complement of the ratio, a maximum complement of the ratio and a minimum complement of the ratio. The method also includes determining, based on the maximum complement and the minimum complement, a pressure-derived coronary flow reserve. The pressure-derived coronary flow reserve includes a ratio of the maximum complement to the minimum complement. The method also includes detecting, based on the pressure-derived coronary flow reserve, a hemodynamic disorder.