Non-Invasive Hemodynamic Analysis via Pulse Wave
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for monitoring hemodynamic parameters in patients during and after surgery are invasive, causing significant burden and unable to distinguish between decreased cardiac contractile function and reduced blood circulation, necessitating a non-invasive solution for accurate analysis.
Innovation Solution
A hemodynamic parameter analysis apparatus and program that non-invasively acquire and analyze central venous pressure and cardiac output using physiological information such as pulse waves and electrocardiograms, displaying results on a coordinate plane to differentiate between congestion and circulatory failure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If invasive measurement methods (Swan-Ganz catheter) are used to obtain pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac output, then measurement precision is improved, but patient burden increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical invasive measurement system (Swan-Ganz catheter insertion into pulmonary artery) with a non-invasive optical measurement system using photoplethysmogram sensors on the body surface. This substitution eliminates the harmful mechanical intrusion while preserving the ability to measure hemodynamic parameters through optical detection of blood volume changes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces photoplethysmogram signals as an intermediary medium to indirectly obtain hemodynamic information. Instead of directly measuring pressure and flow inside the vessel, the system uses optical absorption changes in peripheral blood vessels as a mediator to infer cardiac output and other hemodynamic parameters through mathematical modeling.
2Ease of operation
If only cardiac output is measured, then measurement simplicity is improved, but diagnostic accuracy deteriorates because it cannot distinguish between contractile function decrease and circulating blood decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the single cardiac output measurement into multiple independent hemodynamic parameters including stroke volume, heart rate, and peripheral vascular resistance. By dividing the overall cardiac function assessment into these component parameters, the system can identify which specific aspect (contractile function vs. circulating blood volume) is abnormal, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy while maintaining operational simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a one-dimensional cardiac output measurement to a multi-dimensional hemodynamic parameter space. By adding temporal dynamics (pulse wave velocity, augmentation index) and vascular resistance dimensions to the basic flow measurement, the system creates a comprehensive parameter set that enables differentiation between various pathological states without complicating the measurement process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables reduced patient burden during measurement while accurately distinguishing between cardiac function and blood circulation issues, facilitating appropriate treatment strategies.
Implementation Method 1
a signal acquired by a sensor that is in contact with or close to a body surface of a subject
Implementation Method 2
pulse wave transit time obtained based on a pulse wave
Data Source
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AI summary
A hemodynamic parameter analysis apparatus includes an acquisition unit and a hemodynamic parameter analysis unit. The acquisition unit configured to acquire venous pressure and cardiac output that are calculated based on physiological information of a subject. The hemodynamic parameter analysis unit configured to analyze hemodynamic parameters of the subject based on the venous pressure and the cardiac output that are acquired by the acquisition unit.