Hemoglobin Derivative Measurement Using Nonionic Surfactant Denaturalization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for denaturalizing hemoglobin in blood samples, such as those using lithium salts or ionic surface-activating agents, face challenges like high deliquescent properties, handling restrictions, and adverse effects on immune reactions, leading to complex measurement processes and potential errors.

Innovation Solution

A method utilizing a nonionic surface-activating agent and an oxidizing agent for denaturalizing hemoglobin, which minimizes interference with immune reactions and eliminates the need for dilution steps, allowing for speedy and reliable measurement of hemoglobin derivatives like glycated hemoglobin.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If lithium salt or ionic surface-activating agent is used for denaturalizing hemoglobin, then denaturalization speed is improved, but handling complexity and measurement error increase due to high deliquescent properties and adverse effects on immune reactions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedenaturalization speedVSAvoidmeasurement process complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical parameters of the denaturalization reagent by using nonionic surface-activating agents instead of ionic ones, and by controlling the pH within 2-12. This parameter change eliminates the deliquescent properties and adverse immune effects while maintaining effective denaturalization speed

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a disposable test element that integrates the denaturalization and measurement functions in a single use component, eliminating the need for complex handling and storage of deliquescent reagents and reducing measurement errors from repeated use

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Reliability

If ionic surface-activating agent is used for denaturalizing hemoglobin, then denaturalization effect is improved, but immune reaction accuracy deteriorates due to adverse effects on immune reactions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedenaturalization effectivenessVSAvoidimmune assay accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the ionic character parameter of the surface-activating agent from charged (ionic) to uncharged (nonionic), while maintaining the denaturalization effectiveness through appropriate selection of nonionic agents and pH control in the range of 2-12

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The nonionic surface-activating agent acts as an intermediary that facilitates hemoglobin denaturalization without directly interfering with the subsequent immune reaction between antibodies and glycated hemoglobin, thus preserving measurement accuracy

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If conventional denaturalization methods are used, then hemoglobin denaturalization is achieved, but measurement time increases due to required dilution steps

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedenaturalization completenessVSAvoidmeasurement time

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the denaturalization and measurement steps into a single integrated process using a test element where the nonionic surface-activating agent enables direct measurement without intermediate dilution steps, saving time while maintaining complete denaturalization

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The test element is designed to perform self-contained denaturalization and measurement without requiring external dilution operations, making the process faster and more autonomous

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables efficient and precise denaturalization of hemoglobin, reducing measurement errors and simplifying the process while maintaining the accuracy of immune assays, even for users without specialized knowledge.

Implementation Method 1

processing a sample including blood components with a nonionic surface-activating agent and an oxidizing agent to denaturalize hemoglobin in the sample

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSurface-activating agent denaturalization: Surfactant

Implementation Method 2

processing a sample including blood components with a nonionic surface-activating agent and an oxidizing agent to denaturalize hemoglobin in the sample

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 3

the glycated portion is reacted with an antibody that specifically recognizes the glycated portion, thereby to immunologically measure the amount of the glycated hemoglobin

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectImmune reaction:

Data Source

PatentUS8921052B2Hemoglobin derivative measurement method, and reagent composition, measurement kit, analysis device and analysis system for use in the method

Publication Date: 2014.12.30 PHC HLDG CORP

AI summary

A sample solution including blood components is processed with a denaturalization reagent comprising a nonionic surface-activating agent and an oxidizing agent to denaturalize a hemoglobin derivative in the sample solution, and thereafter, an immunoassay is performing utilizing an antibody that is specific to a denaturalized site of the hemoglobin derivative to measure the amount of the hemoglobin derivative in the sample. Therefore, when performing assay of hemoglobin derivative, denaturalization of hemoglobin can be performed speedily and reliably while minimizing adverse effects of the denaturalization reagent on immune reaction.