Non-invasive Hemoglobin Monitoring via Multi-wavelength Tissue Modeling
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current non-invasive optical hemoglobin measurement devices are complex, require manual initiation, and cannot provide continuous monitoring, limiting their use for detecting sudden hemoglobin loss, and they need expensive detector technology for accurate measurements.
Innovation Solution
A method using a tissue model to determine hemoglobin concentration based on consistent effects of in-vivo tissue on measurement signals at multiple wavelengths, allowing for continuous monitoring with standard pulse oximeters and low-cost silicon detectors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If non-invasive optical hemoglobin measurement devices are used, then the risk of infection and pain is eliminated, but the device complexity increases due to synchronized operation of optical and pneumatic components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the pneumatic components from the measurement system. Instead of using occlusion-release techniques that require complex pneumatic control, the invention uses continuous optical measurements at multiple wavelengths to determine hemoglobin concentration, thereby maintaining non-invasiveness while significantly reducing device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a multi-wavelength optical measurement system that can determine multiple blood parameters (hemoglobin concentration, oxygen saturation, etc.) simultaneously using the same hardware platform, making the device universally applicable for various hematological measurements without requiring separate specialized components
2Object-affected harmful factors
If non-invasive optical hemoglobin measurement devices are used, then blood sampling is eliminated, but continuous monitoring cannot be performed as measurements require manual initiation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous automated monitoring by performing optical measurements at multiple wavelengths continuously without requiring manual initiation or occlusion cycles. The system automatically processes the multi-wavelength signals to determine hemoglobin concentration, enabling uninterrupted monitoring for detecting sudden hemoglobin loss
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates automated feedback mechanisms where the measurement system continuously monitors blood parameters and can trigger alerts when abnormal changes are detected, enabling automatic response to sudden hemoglobin loss without manual intervention
3Measurement precision
If measurement at wavelengths around 1300 nm is performed to detect water absorption, then accurate hemoglobin and water concentration measurement is achieved, but expensive detector technology is required since standard silicon detectors only respond up to about 1000 nm
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operational parameters by selecting optimal wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared range (up to 1000 nm) where standard silicon detectors operate effectively. By carefully selecting wavelength combinations and using multi-parameter analysis, the system achieves accurate hemoglobin concentration measurement without requiring expensive detectors for the 1300 nm region
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses standard silicon detectors that are widely available and cost-effective, creating a copy of the measurement capability that achieves the same clinical utility as expensive specialized detectors would provide, thereby reducing system cost while maintaining measurement accuracy
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables cost-effective, continuous, and automatic monitoring of hemoglobin concentration, suitable for clinical and self-care settings, without the need for additional hardware or complex operations.
Implementation Method 1
the blood absorption characteristics during the said states are analyzed to determine the concentration of a blood constituent, such as hemoglobin
Data Source
AI summary
In order to provide a non-invasive and continuous concentration measurement with the technology of standard pulse oximeters, an a priori relationship is created, through an in-vivo tissue model including a nominal estimate of a tissue parameter indicative of the concentration of a blood substance. The a priori relationship is indicative of the effect of tissue on in-vivo measurement signals at a plurality of wavelengths, the in-vivo measurement signals being indicative of absorption caused by pulsed arterial blood. In-vivo measurement signals are acquired from in-vivo tissue at the plurality of wavelengths and a specific value of the tissue parameter is determined based on the a priori relationship, the specific value being such that it yields the effect of the in-vivo tissue on the in-vivo measurement signals consistent for the plurality of wavelengths. The specific value then represents the concentration of the substance in the blood.