Heparin Binding Substrate for Rapid Hemostasis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for closing vascular wounds during minimally invasive procedures, such as angiography and angioplasty, are inefficient and pose risks due to reliance on mechanical devices, biologic substances like collagen and thrombin, or prolonged anticoagulation reversal, leading to complications like secondary bleeding and infection risks.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that deheparinize blood by removing negatively charged anticoagulating agents, allowing natural clotting cascades to initiate and complete at the wound site, using a sterile containment chamber with a heparin binding agent and procoagulating agents to activate intrinsic and extrinsic clotting mechanisms.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If mechanical devices like sutures are used to close vascular wounds, then hemostasis is achieved rapidly, but device complexity increases and technical difficulty rises
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes heparin (the anticoagulating agent) from the blood using a heparin-binding substrate, thereby eliminating the obstacle to natural clotting without requiring complex mechanical closure devices. This allows rapid hemostasis through biochemical rather than mechanical means.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention enables the blood to clot naturally by removing the anticoagulating agent, allowing the body's own clotting mechanisms to achieve hemostasis without external mechanical intervention. The blood essentially serves itself to clot once the heparin barrier is removed.
2Reliability
If biologic substances like collagen and thrombin are used to induce clotting, then hemostasis is achieved in anticoagulated blood, but reliability decreases due to potential malfunction and entanglement
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the presence of heparin-coated blood (which normally prevents clotting) into a benefit by using the heparin-binding substrate to selectively remove heparin, thereby enabling clotting. The harmful anticoagulating agent becomes the target of removal, transforming the problem into the solution.
Solution Approach 2:
The heparin-binding substrate acts as an intermediary that selectively binds and removes heparin from the blood, mediating between the anticoagulated blood and the natural clotting mechanism. This intermediary enables the transition from anticoagulated to clotting-capable blood without direct contact between opposing forces.
3Device complexity
If manual compression is used to achieve hemostasis, then no additional devices are required, but loss of time increases due to prolonged compression requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary action by removing heparin from the blood before the clotting process is initiated. This pre-treatment of the blood allows rapid natural clotting to occur subsequently, eliminating the need for prolonged compression time while using no complex devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical compression system with a biochemical system. Instead of applying prolonged mechanical pressure to achieve hemostasis, the heparin-binding substrate chemically removes heparin, allowing the natural biochemical clotting cascade to proceed rapidly without mechanical intervention.
4Reliability
If prolonged anticoagulation reversal is waited for, then natural clotting can occur, but loss of time increases and procedural efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary removal of heparin from the blood, enabling natural clotting to begin immediately rather than waiting for prolonged anticoagulation reversal. This pre-treatment accelerates the natural process while maintaining its reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the parameter of heparin concentration in the blood by selectively removing it through the heparin-binding substrate. This parameter change (from heparin-present to heparin-removed) enables the transition from anticoagulated to clotting-capable blood state rapidly, without prolonged waiting.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables rapid, safe, and reliable hemostasis by utilizing naturally clotted blood to form a solid clot of sufficient strength, reducing procedural time and complications associated with existing methods.
Implementation Method 1
a heparin binding agent, which will bind heparin and remove it from the blood fluid
Implementation Method 2
exposed to a material that has an immobilized substrate that removes a negatively charged anticoagulating agent
Implementation Method 3
initiating the blood's natural clotting cascades and transporting the thus treated blood to the site of the wound where the clotting cascade will be completed producing a clot
Data Source
AI summary
A wound closure apparatus is provided which utilizes blood fluid by activating the clotting cascade of blood fluid outside the body within a substantially enclosed sterile container then introducing, the blood fluid to the wound site to complete clotting. An apparatus for providing ways of inhibiting anticoagulating agents, and slowing fibrin clot degradation are also disclosed. Kits for practicing the invention singularly or in combination with, and/or associated with preferred procedures are also disclosed. The invention provides a clotting cascade initiation apparatus (1) including a substantially enclosed sterile containment chamber within which an aliquot of blood fluid, either autologous or from donor sources can be received, and retained. In preferred embodiments, the sterile containment chamber further includes a heparin binding agent which will bind heparin and remove it from the blood fluid. In further embodiments, the containment chamber will also include a procoagulating agent, wherein a clotting cascade can be initiated when the blood fluid is accepted into the sterile containment chamber.