HetNet Gateway Interworking for Gradual 4G-to-5G Core Migration
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge of deploying 5G networks efficiently while managing older generation technologies and varying network maturity across different regions, particularly in less developed markets, is compounded by the complexity of network architectures and diverse air interfaces, requiring a solution that simplifies migration and reduces operational costs.
Innovation Solution
The Parallel Wireless HetNet Gateway (HNG) enables a 5G-ready architecture that supports both Non-Stand-Alone (NSA) and Stand-Alone (SA) deployments, abstracting core functionality for both 4G and 5G core networks, thereby reducing complexity and latency, and facilitating seamless migration to 5G networks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If operators deploy complete 5G standalone networks with new 5G core, then 5G capabilities and features are improved, but network complexity and deployment costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The HNG acts as an intermediary gateway between 4G EPC and 5G 5GC networks. It provides translation and interworking functions that enable 5G capabilities to be introduced gradually without requiring immediate full 5G standalone deployment, thus reducing network complexity while maintaining adaptability
Solution Approach 2:
The system segments the 5G deployment process into phases: initial 4G EPC operation, gradual introduction of 5G gNBs with HNG interworking, and eventual full 5G 5GC deployment. This segmentation allows operators to manage complexity incrementally while achieving 5G capabilities
2Adaptability or versatility
If operators upgrade to 5G standalone core, then new 5G features are enabled, but migration costs and operational expenses increase
Solution Approach 1:
The HNG is deployed in advance as a preparation step before full 5G 5GC migration. It establishes 5G interworking capabilities and protocols early, making the subsequent migration to 5G standalone core smoother and less costly by avoiding complete re-deployment
Solution Approach 2:
The HNG provides multi-functional capabilities by supporting both 4G EPC and 5G 5GC networks simultaneously. It can serve as a gateway for both network types, enabling operators to extract maximum value from existing investments while transitioning to 5G features
3Adaptability or versatility
If heterogeneous network architectures with multiple air interfaces are deployed, then network coverage and service capabilities are improved, but operational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The HNG merges the management of multiple air interfaces (4G LTE and 5G NR) into a single gateway platform. It consolidates control functions and provides unified management, thereby reducing operational complexity while maintaining the service capabilities of heterogeneous networks
Data Source
AI summary
A 5G enhanced HetNet Gateway (HNG) is presented. In one embodiment the 5G HNG includes at least one non-5G virtual network function (VNF); a 5G Core (5GC) option selection VNF; a 5GC default VNF; a 5G local breakout VNF; at least one interface for any G base station; and at least one interface for any core network. Core functionality is abstracted for the EPC and for the 5GC.