Hybrid Electric Vehicle Multi-Mode Controller for Torque Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Hybrid electric vehicles with gasoline engines face challenges in transitioning between combustion modes, such as SI, HCCI, and PPCI, due to complexity and control difficulties, leading to torque drops and limited operational range.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid electric vehicle system that includes a gasoline diffusion flame combustion engine, a motor-generator, and a multi-mode controller, allowing the vehicle to operate in multiple modes by defining specific operating regions based on engine load and speed, enabling seamless transitions between electric vehicle, gasoline diffusion flame, and assisted modes without torque drops.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple combustion modes (SI, HCCI, PPCI) are implemented in a gasoline engine, then fuel efficiency and operational flexibility are improved, but system complexity and control difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The gasoline engine is designed to perform multiple combustion modes (SI, HCCI, PPCI) within a single engine system, making the engine universally capable of operating under different combustion principles. The engine can switch between spark-ignition, homogeneous charge compression-ignition, and partially premixed compression ignition modes based on operating conditions, eliminating the need for separate engine systems for each combustion mode while maintaining fuel efficiency and operational flexibility
2Use of energy by moving object
If HCCI combustion mode is used for fuel economy benefits, then fuel efficiency is improved, but combustion phasing control becomes difficult and operational range is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The engine system dynamically switches between HCCI mode and other combustion modes (SI, PPCI) based on real-time operating conditions such as load, speed, and temperature. This dynamic adaptability allows the engine to maintain optimal combustion phasing control across the full operating range, avoiding the control difficulties inherent in fixed HCCI operation while preserving fuel efficiency benefits when HCCI is applicable
3Reliability
If PPCI mode is used to mitigate pressure rise rates, then combustion control is improved, but high load operation and wide speed range are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The operational range is segmented into different zones, with PPCI mode used for specific load and speed ranges where pressure rise rate control is beneficial, while SI and HCCI modes are used for other operating conditions. This segmentation allows the engine to optimize pressure control where needed while maintaining broad operational versatility through mode transitions
4Adaptability or versatility
If mode transitions are implemented between combustion modes, then operational flexibility is improved, but torque drops occur during transitions
Solution Approach 1:
The engine system performs preliminary preparation for mode transitions by adjusting parameters such as injection timing, valve timing, and air-fuel ratio in advance of the actual mode change. This preliminary action ensures that the transition between combustion modes occurs smoothly without torque drops, maintaining both operational flexibility and torque stability during mode transitions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enhances energy efficiency and robust operation across various load conditions, maintaining performance and fuel economy while minimizing control complexities and torque drops during mode transitions.
Implementation Method 1
a direct injector has been used to increase in-cylinder stratification resulting in high power output and improved fuel efficiency
Implementation Method 2
the vaporized fuel directly injected into the combustion chamber has a cooling effect
Implementation Method 3
the air/fuel mixture is compressed in a compression stroke and ignited by a spark generated by a spark plug
Implementation Method 4
The HCCI combustion mode consists of a distributed, flameless, auto-ignition combustion process that is controlled by oxidation chemistry
Implementation Method 5
a motor-generator that is operatively connected to the GDF combustion engine and selectively drives the HEV with electric power of a battery or generates electric power to charge the battery
Implementation Method 6
a multi-mode controller which receives operating conditions of the GDF combustion engine and the motor-generator
Data Source
AI summary
A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) for multiple operation modes includes: a gasoline diffusion flame (GDF) combustion engine configured to perform gasoline diffusion flame combustion; a motor-generator operatively connected to the GDF combustion engine and configured to selectively drive the HEV with electric power of a battery or generate electric power to charge the battery; and a multi-mode controller including a processor and configured to receive operating conditions of the GDF combustion engine and the motor-generator and define a plurality of mode operating regions based on the received operating conditions. In particular, the plurality of mode operating regions includes: an electric vehicle (EV) only mode operating region, a GDF mode operating region where the GDF combustion engine operates and drives the HEV while the motor-generator stops, and a GDF+EV mode operating region where the motor-generator assists the operation of the GDF combustion engine to drive the HEV.