HF Cavity Jacket with Internal Canals for Hot Spot Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Hot hyperfrequency (HF) components in particle accelerators and other applications face challenges in managing heat dissipation efficiently, leading to hot spots, frequency tuning disruptions, and mechanical stresses due to non-uniform cooling.
Innovation Solution
A hot HF component with an HF cavity is designed to have a jacket with internal protrusions, such as irises or lips, and internal canals that follow the contour of the internal surface to allow for the flow of a heat transport fluid, ensuring close-to-surface cooling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If liquid coolant is circulated through external canals in the periphery of the jacket, then heat removal is achieved, but uniform cooling of the HF surfaces is not possible and hot spots appear
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling system is segmented into multiple internal canals distributed throughout the jacket structure, allowing independent cooling zones that can be optimized for different heat generation regions. The canals are divided into first canals in the cylindrical portion and second canals in the flange portion, enabling targeted cooling where needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The cooling canals are nested within the jacket structure itself, with the canals forming integral parts of the jacket walls. The first canals are formed in the cylindrical portion walls and the second canals in the flange portion walls, creating a nested configuration where the cooling system is embedded within the structural component.
2Ease of manufacture
If cooling canals are positioned away from internal protrusions like irises and lips, then manufacturing is simplified, but hot spots appear in these regions
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling system implements local quality by providing enhanced cooling capacity specifically at regions with internal protrusions where heat generation is highest. The canals are strategically positioned adjacent to irises and lips, and the flange canals extend toward the cylindrical portion to ensure these critical regions receive adequate cooling attention.
Solution Approach 2:
The cooling approach transitions from a single-dimensional external canal system to a multi-dimensional internal canal network embedded within the jacket walls. This allows cooling surfaces to be distributed throughout the volume of the jacket, bringing cooling capability closer to heat generation sources in three-dimensional space.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the jacket structure includes internal protrusions for HF coupling, then HF functionality is achieved, but cooling of these regions becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling canals act as intermediary structures that bridge the gap between the external cooling fluid and the internal protrusions. The canals extend into proximity of the irises and lips, serving as thermal conduits that transfer heat away from these HF-critical regions without interfering with their electromagnetic functionality.
4Temperature
If external canals are used for cooling, then heat removal is possible, but the cooling is not close to the HF surface
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling canals are pre-positioned within the jacket walls during manufacturing, placing cooling surfaces in advance as close as possible to the HF cavity surfaces. This preliminary positioning ensures that when the system operates, the thermal interaction distance is minimized, maximizing cooling efficiency at the source of heat generation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design significantly improves the cooling of HF components by allowing heat removal closer to the surface, reducing hot spots, and minimizing mechanical stresses and frequency tuning issues.
Implementation Method 1
A heat transport fluid circulates through the canals and removes the energy dissipated by Joule heating effect into the hot HF component
Implementation Method 2
The internal canal is flush with the internal surface of the jacket... allows cooling as close as possible to the surface of the cavities
Implementation Method 3
The main limitation of hot HF components is the management of the dissipation, as heat, of the power that the HF wave releases, through a Joule heating effect, into the accelerator structures
Data Source
AI summary
A hot HF component equipped with an HF cavity which is delimited by a jacket includes at least one internal protrusion, the jacket comprising at least one internal canal following the contour of its internal surface to allow the flow of a heat transport fluid intended to remove heat energy originating from the cavity.