HFO-1123 Working Medium Blends for Low-GWP Heat-Cycle Capacity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current working mediums for heat cycles, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), pose risks to the ozone layer and contribute to global warming, while alternatives like hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) have insufficient cycle performance and combustibility issues.

Innovation Solution

A working medium comprising 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) with difluoromethane (HFC-32) and optional hydrocarbons, hydrochlorofluoroolefins (HCFOs), or chlorofluoroolefins (CFOs) to enhance cycle performance, safety, and reduce global warming potential.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If HFCs (e.g., HFC-134a) are used as working medium, then ozone layer influence is reduced, but global warming potential increases and combustibility safety deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveozone layer influenceVSAvoidglobal warming potential
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by introducing HFO-1123 (1,1,2-trifluoroethylene) with specific molecular structure characteristics (carbon-carbon double bond) that fundamentally alter the environmental impact parameters, achieving low global warming potential while maintaining refrigeration performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a composite working medium formulation combining HFO-1123 with other fluorinated compounds (e.g., HFC-32, HFC-125) to achieve synergistic effects that simultaneously reduce global warming potential, maintain cycle performance, and suppress combustibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-generated harmful factors

If HFOs (e.g., HFO-1243zf, HFO-1234ze) are used as working medium, then global warming potential is reduced, but cycle performance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveglobal warming potentialVSAvoidcycle performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the molecular structure parameters of HFO compounds by selecting HFO-1123 with specific fluorine atom arrangement that enhances thermodynamic properties and cycle performance while maintaining low global warming potential

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent formulates composite working mediums combining HFO-1123 with complementary fluorinated compounds to achieve synergistic enhancement of cycle performance (refrigeration capacity, coefficient of performance) while maintaining low environmental impact

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Object-generated harmful factors

If HFOs with low fluorine proportion are used, then global warming potential is reduced, but combustibility increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveglobal warming potentialVSAvoidcombustibility safety
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates composite working mediums where HFO-1123 is combined with fluorinated compounds having high fluorine content (e.g., HFC-32, HFC-125), achieving flame suppression through the high fluorine content components while maintaining the low global warming potential and good cycle performance contributed by HFO-1123

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Object-generated harmful factors

If carbon dioxide is used as working medium, then global warming potential is reduced, but equipment pressure increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveglobal warming potentialVSAvoidequipment pressure
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the thermodynamic parameters of the working medium by selecting HFO-1123 and its composites that operate at pressures comparable to conventional HFC systems, avoiding the extremely high pressure requirements of carbon dioxide systems while achieving similar or better environmental performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed medium offers improved cycle performance, safety, and reduced environmental impact by suppressing combustibility and minimizing ozone layer influence, allowing for system downsizing and efficient thermodynamic properties.

Implementation Method 1

a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) having a carbon-carbon double bond which is easily decomposed by OH radicals in the air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDecomposition by OH radicals: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentEP2711405B1Working medium and heat-cycle system
Publication Date: 2019.03.06 AGC INC
  • EP2711405B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2711405B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2711405B1 patent drawing

AI summary

To provide a working medium for heat cycle, of which combustibility is suppressed, which has less influence over the ozone layer, which has less influence over global warming and which provides a heat cycle system excellent in the cycle performance (capacity), and a heat cycle system, of which the safety is secured, and which is excellent in the cycle performance (capacity). A working medium for heat cycle comprising 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene is employed for a heat cycle system (such as a Rankine cycle system, a heat pump cycle system, a refrigerating cycle system 10 or a heat transport system).