HFO-HFC Working Fluid Mixture for Low-GWP Refrigeration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current working fluids for heat cycle systems, such as R410A, have high global warming potential and increase apparatus load, necessitating the development of alternatives with reduced environmental impact and comparable performance without requiring significant apparatus modifications.
Innovation Solution
A working fluid with a global warming potential less than 300, achieving a relative cycle performance of at least 0.820, and maintaining stable operation without increasing apparatus load, composed of specific hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in defined proportions, ensuring compatibility with existing systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If R410A is used as a working fluid, then high refrigerating capacity is achieved, but global warming potential becomes excessively high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the working fluid by replacing R410A (HFC-32/HFC-125 mixture with GWP 2088) with a new mixture containing HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-134a. This parameter change reduces GWP to 145.8 while maintaining refrigerating capacity through optimized compositional ratios.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite working fluid mixture combining three different compounds (HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-134a) in specific proportions. This composite approach leverages the low-GWP properties of HFOs while using HFC-134a to ensure adequate thermodynamic performance and compatibility with existing systems.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a new working fluid is developed to reduce GWP, then environmental impact is reduced, but cycle performance may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the compositional parameters of the working fluid mixture to achieve both low GWP and high cycle performance. By adjusting the ratios of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-134a, the patent achieves a balance between environmental benefits and thermodynamic performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The composite mixture of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-134a combines the advantages of each component: HFOs provide low GWP and good heat transfer properties, while HFC-134a contributes to stable thermodynamic performance and compatibility with existing refrigeration systems.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If working fluid composition is changed to reduce GWP, then environmental performance improves, but apparatus load increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent carefully selects the compositional parameters of the new working fluid to match the pressure-temperature characteristics of R410A. The chosen mixture of HFO-1123, HFO-1234yf, and HFC-134a is designed to operate within the same pressure ranges as existing systems, avoiding increased apparatus load.
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
The present invention relates to a working fluid for heat cycle, which comprises 1,2-difluoroethylene and at least one hydrofluoroolefin other than 1,2-difluoroethylene selected from the group consisting of trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 2,3,3,3- tetrafluoropropene, wherein (A-1) the global warming potential is less than 300; (B-1) the product of the relative coefficient of performance and the relative refrigerating capacity is at least 0.820 relative to R410A in a standard refrigerating cycle under conditions of an evaporation temperature of 0°C, a condensing temperature of 40°C, a supercoiling degree of 5°C and a degree of superheat of 5°C; (C-1) the relative compressor discharge gas pressure is at most 1.100; (D-1) the lower limit of the combustion range by method A in High Pressure Gas Safety Act is at least 5 vol%; and (E-1) the pressure will not exceed 2.00 MPaG in a combustion test by method A in High Pressure Gas Safety act under 0.98 MPaG at 250°C.