HFO-1233zd Azeotrope-Like Compositions for Predictable Boiling
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
The industry faces challenges in identifying environmentally safe, non-fractionating mixtures of hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) that can replace chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) due to unpredictable azeotrope formation, which limits their use in applications like refrigerants and solvents due to concerns over global warming and ozone depletion.
Innovation Solution
The development of azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1233zd) mixed with specific components such as C1-C3 alcohols, C5-C6 hydrocarbons, cyclopentene, halogenated hydrocarbons, water, and nitromethane, which form binary azeotropes with low global warming potentials, making them suitable for various applications including refrigerants, blowing agents, and solvents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If HFO-based mixtures are used to replace CFCs, HCFCs, and HFCs, then environmental safety is improved, but azeotrope formation becomes unpredictable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by selecting specific HFO components (1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene) and pairing them with predetermined second components (C1-C3 alcohols, C5-C6 hydrocarbons, cyclopentene, halogenated hydrocarbons, water, or nitromethane) to achieve predictable azeotrope formation while maintaining low environmental impact
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite azeotrope-like compositions by combining HFO-1233zd with specific second components in defined ratios, resulting in mixtures that exhibit predictable constant boiling point characteristics while providing environmental benefits over traditional refrigerants
2Reliability
If azeotrope-like compositions are used to prevent fractionation, then application performance is improved, but identification of suitable mixtures becomes complicated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes specific compositional parameters and ratios for HFO-1233zd and second components that reliably produce azeotrope-like behavior, eliminating the need for complex experimental identification while ensuring consistent performance in refrigerant, solvent, and blowing agent applications
3Adaptability or versatility
If single component fluids or azeotrope-like mixtures are used, then application suitability is improved, but environmental concerns limit their use
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition by using HFO-1233zd as the primary component with specific second components, achieving low global warming potential and low ozone depletion potential while maintaining the constant boiling point characteristics necessary for refrigerant, solvent, and blowing agent applications
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These compositions exhibit constant boiling point characteristics, are substantially free of CFCs, HCFCs, and HFCs, and have low ozone depletion potential, making them desirable alternatives with minimal fractionation during boiling or evaporation, thus addressing environmental concerns and application needs.
Implementation Method 1
azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1233zd) mixed with specific components such as C1-C3 alcohols, C5-C6 hydrocarbons, cyclopentene, halogenated hydrocarbons, water, and nitromethane, which form binary azeotropes
Implementation Method 2
exhibit constant boiling point characteristics, are substantially free of CFCs, HCFCs, and HFCs, and have low ozone depletion potential, making them desirable alternatives with minimal fractionation during boiling or evaporation
Data Source
AI summary
An azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of chlorotrifluoropropene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of a C1 - C3 alcohol, a C5 - C6 hydrocarbon, a halogenated hydrocarbon, methylal, methyl acetone, water, nitromethane, and combinations thereof.