Hierarchical Battery Management System Data Screening
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional battery management systems face challenges with high voltage and capacity safety concerns, increased weight and maintenance costs, data transmission delays, and network configuration issues when managing large battery sets, particularly in electric vehicles and large power systems.
Innovation Solution
A hierarchical battery-management system is introduced, featuring an intermediary module that screens and transmits meaningful cell data, reducing the amount of data required and shortening decision time through parallel processing of segmented battery packs, using a decision and communication module, monitoring and equalizing modules, and isolated digital interfaces to enhance response speed and reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a traditional battery management system uses a simple digital transmission interface to monitor battery capacity, then the system complexity is low and maintenance is easy, but the system cannot handle real-time monitoring of large battery sets with tens to thousands of cells, resulting in data transmission delays and reduced reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the battery management system into hierarchical levels: battery cells are grouped into battery packs, which are further grouped into battery sets. Each level has its own monitoring modules, creating a segmented structure that enables real-time monitoring of large battery systems while keeping individual module complexity manageable. This segmentation allows parallel processing of data from multiple cells without overwhelming a single controller.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary modules at each hierarchical level that aggregate and preprocess data before transmitting to higher levels. These intermediary modules act as mediators between the numerous battery cells and the central control system, reducing data transmission delays and improving reliability by handling data locally before central processing.
2Power
If battery cells are cascaded in series or connected in parallel to achieve high capacity and power density, then battery performance improves, but the weight of the battery system increases, reducing energy efficiency and loading capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the battery system into modular battery packs that can be configured in series or parallel arrangements. This segmentation allows optimization of power density by selecting appropriate configurations while managing weight through efficient modular design, where each pack is independently managed to minimize overall system weight.
3Loss of information
If a large number of monitoring modules communicate with the decision master unit through parallel or serial interfaces, then complete battery status data can be collected, but the data transmission time increases significantly (e.g., 1.53 seconds for 108 modules), reducing real-time monitoring capability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments data collection and processing across multiple hierarchical levels. Instead of all monitoring modules communicating directly with a single decision master unit, data is aggregated at intermediate levels (battery pack level) before being transmitted upward. This segmentation dramatically reduces transmission time while maintaining data completeness through distributed processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preliminary data processing and aggregation at lower hierarchical levels before data reaches the decision master unit. Monitoring modules preprocess and summarize battery status data locally, performing preliminary actions that reduce the volume of data requiring long-distance transmission, thereby minimizing data transmission delays while preserving essential information.
Data Source
AI summary
A hierarchical battery-management system mainly comprises a monitoring and equalizing module, an intermediary module, and a decision and communication module. The monitoring and equalizing module electrically couples with the battery cells, the intermediary modules electrically couple with the monitoring and equalizing module and the decision and communication module. The decision and communication module electrically couples with a power system or an electronic/electrical apparatus, and a hierarchical management structure constructed by the intermediary module to screen data and to transmit meaningful cell data to meet real time managing requirements of the large battery set.