Hierarchical Beamforming Codebook Indexing for Latency Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional beamforming methods face challenges in detecting all channels within limited training time, leading to skipped channels and increased latency, especially in ultra-low latency and high-resolution applications like video streaming, resulting in poor image quality.
Innovation Solution
A hierarchical beamforming method that uses codebooks with different coding methodologies to generate hierarchical coding structures for transmitter and receiver vectors, identifying at least two aligning vector fields with greatest gains in each channel estimation step to shorten the channel estimation process and reduce latency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional beamforming method is used to detect all channels, then channel estimation accuracy is improved, but training time increases and latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the channel detection process into multiple levels. At each level, only a subset of channels is detected based on hierarchical codebook indexing. This segmentation allows the system to detect multiple channels simultaneously at different hierarchical levels, reducing the total training time while maintaining comprehensive channel coverage through the hierarchical structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a hierarchical dimension to the channel detection process by using multi-level codebooks. Instead of detecting channels in a single linear sequence, the system organizes channel detection across multiple hierarchical levels, allowing parallel detection paths and reducing the temporal dimension of training required to detect all channels.
2Measurement precision
If conventional beamforming method is used to detect all channels, then channel estimation accuracy is improved, but latency is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The hierarchical segmentation enables the system to identify and prioritize dominant channels at upper levels while simultaneously detecting secondary channels at lower levels. This segmented approach reduces latency by eliminating the sequential detection requirement, allowing the system to operate with lower latency while maintaining accurate channel estimation through the multi-level hierarchical structure.
3Device complexity
If hierarchical codebook with same coding methodology is used, then channel estimation process is simplified, but spectral efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies asymmetry by using different coding methodologies for different levels of the hierarchical codebook. Instead of uniform coding across all levels, the system employs asymmetric coding strategies where higher levels may use one coding method and lower levels use another. This asymmetry optimizes spectral efficiency by matching coding complexity to the specific requirements of each hierarchical level while maintaining overall process manageability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes coding parameters across different hierarchical levels. By adjusting coding methodology parameters at each level according to specific performance requirements, the system achieves optimal spectral efficiency. Different coding parameters at different levels allow the system to balance between process simplicity and spectral efficiency, preventing the spectral efficiency degradation that would occur with uniform coding.
Data Source
AI summary
A hierarchical beamforming method is provided, which comprises the following steps. Firstly, the vectors of the transmitter and the receiver are hierarchically indexed by using the codebooks with different coding methodology to generate hierarchical coding structures. Then, the corresponding vector fields between the transmitter and the receiver are switched according to the hierarchical coding structures. Thereafter, at least two aligning vector fields with greatest gain are detected. Finally, the corresponding aligning index pairs are used to build the channels.