Hierarchical Node Data Structure for Video Encoder Complexity Reduction
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
The complexity of implementing Variable Block Size (VBS) Motion Estimation and Mode Decision in hardware for real-time high-definition video encoding is high, making it impractical due to increased encoder complexity, particularly in satisfying real-time constraints.
Innovation Solution
A data structure and method that reduce encoder complexity by using a hierarchical arrangement of node levels with decision levels for merging nodes, reducing the number of motion vector searches and simplifying the Mode Decision operation, while maintaining minimal image quality degradation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If Variable Block Size Motion Estimation and Mode Decision is implemented in hardware, then video encoding quality is improved, but encoder complexity increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the video encoding process into multiple hierarchical levels (first node level, second node level, third node level) with decision levels interspersed between them. Each level processes specific motion estimation tasks independently, dividing the complex VBS ME/MD operation into manageable segments that can be implemented in hardware without overwhelming complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a hierarchical dimension to the traditional flat motion estimation process by creating multiple node levels (first, second, third) with decision levels between them. This transforms the single-level exhaustive search into a multi-level structured process, reducing hardware complexity while maintaining encoding quality.
2Measurement precision
If Variable Block Size Motion Estimation and Mode Decision is implemented in hardware, then encoding accuracy is improved, but real-time processing capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary actions by pre-organizing the motion estimation process into hierarchical node levels and decision levels before actual encoding. The first node level processes basic motion vectors, the second node level handles intermediate decisions, and the third node level completes final mode decisions, allowing real-time processing with maintained accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic adaptability through the hierarchical structure where decision levels can selectively activate processing paths based on video content characteristics. This dynamic approach allows the encoder to adjust processing depth in real-time, maintaining accuracy while meeting speed requirements.
3Manufacturing precision
If brute force approach is used for VBS ME/MD, then encoding quality is maximized, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by performing exhaustive search only at necessary hierarchical levels (first node level for basic vectors, third node level for final decisions) while using simplified processing at intermediate levels. This selective application of computational intensity maintains encoding quality while reducing overall complexity compared to complete brute force.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary decision levels (second node level with decision levels between first and third node levels) that mediate between exhaustive search requirements and complexity reduction goals. These intermediaries process motion estimation data in a structured manner, enabling quality preservation with reduced computational burden.
Data Source
AI summary
A data structure and method of use thereof for encoding video information are described. Macroblock parameters are initialized, and it is determined whether an operating point is selected. If the operating point is selected, then the following occurs: each quad of nodes of a first node level are obtained and a check for merger is done on them; each quad of nodes of a second node level is obtained and a check for merger is done on them; nodes of a third node level are obtained and check for merger is done on them; nodes of a fourth node level are obtained and a check for merger is done on them; and modes are assigned responsive to cost of combinations of encoding modes associated with possible mergers.