Hierarchical Power Management for Low-Latency Multi-Device AR

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power management systems for artificial reality systems, particularly mixed reality headsets, face challenges in managing power efficiently due to their distributed and always-on nature, with implicit triggers and varied computing requirements that complicate centralized power management.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a hierarchical power management system with a parent energy processing unit (EPU) and child EPUs, where the parent EPU manages power decisions across distributed child EPUs, allowing for fine-grained, localized power management of subsystems, including explicit and implicit triggers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If centralized power management is used, then system control is simplified, but power management latency increases and responsiveness to local triggers decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower management control structureVSAvoidpower state transition latency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The power management function is segmented into hierarchical levels: a root EPU that manages system-wide power policies and child EPUs that manage local subsystem power states. This segmentation allows centralized coordination while enabling local rapid response to power triggers without waiting for central authorization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Child EPUs act as intermediaries between local subsystems and the root EPU. They receive power management decisions from the root EPU but can independently execute power state transitions based on local triggers, serving as buffered intermediaries that reduce latency while maintaining system-wide coherence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Loss of energy

If fine-grained localized power management is implemented, then power efficiency improves, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidpower management architecture
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power management architecture is segmented into multiple EPUs at different hierarchical levels, each managing specific power domains. This segmentation enables fine-grained control of individual subsystems while distributing the complexity across multiple manageable units rather than requiring a monolithic complex system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each EPU level manages power according to local characteristics and triggers specific to its domain. The root EPU considers system-wide policies while child EPUs respond to local events, creating locally optimized power management that adapts to specific subsystem requirements without imposing uniform complexity throughout the system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Adaptability or versatility

If distributed power management with multiple child EPUs is used, then power management modularity increases, but coordination overhead between EPUs increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower management modularityVSAvoidEPU coordination mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power management system is divided into independently functional EPU modules that can be configured and managed separately. Each EPU manages its own power domain with standardized interfaces, enabling modular expansion and reconfiguration without requiring redesign of the entire coordination mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

EPUs implement universal power management interfaces and standardized communication protocols that allow them to function independently while coordinating through common mechanisms. This universality reduces coordination overhead by providing standardized interaction patterns rather than requiring custom coordination logic for each EPU pair.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP4062267B1Hierarchical power management in artificial reality systems
Publication Date: 2025.07.16 META PLATFORMS TECHNOLOGIES LLC
  • EP4062267B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP4062267B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP4062267B1 patent drawingFigure 2A

AI summary

The disclosure describes artificial reality (AR) systems and techniques that enable hierarchical power management of multiple devices within a multi-device AR system. For example, a multi-device AR system includes a device comprising one of a peripheral device configured to generate artificial reality content for display or a head-mounted display unit (HMD) configured to output artificial reality content. The device comprises a System on a Chip (SoC) that includes a host subsystem and plurality of subsystems. Each subsystem includes a child energy processing unit configured to manage power states for the subsystem. The host subsystem includes a parent energy processing unit configured to direct power management of each of the child energy processing units of the plurality of subsystems.