Hierarchical Power Split Control for Route-Adaptive Hybrid Vehicles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing hybrid vehicle control systems struggle to optimize fuel economy across a predicted route without locking into rigid solutions that cannot adapt to actual vehicle operation.
Innovation Solution
A hierarchical control architecture is implemented, with a high-level controller using preview information and a model of the low-level controller to calculate optimized tuning parameters. These parameters are then communicated to the low-level controller, which calculates optimized torque split for the hybrid engine based on current state variables and driver inputs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If pre-planned route segmentation is used to optimize power split control, then fuel economy can be optimized for the predicted route, but the system cannot respond in real time to actual operation conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is segmented into two hierarchical levels: a high-level controller that performs route analysis and segmentation to determine optimized SOC setpoints for each segment, and a low-level controller that executes real-time torque split control based on current operating conditions. This segmentation allows the system to maintain both strategic optimization and tactical adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The high-level controller performs preliminary route analysis and segmentation before vehicle operation, calculating optimized SOC setpoints for each segment in advance. This preliminary action provides a strategic framework that guides real-time control decisions without constraining adaptive responses to actual conditions.
2Use of energy by moving object
If a rigid segmented route plan is implemented, then optimization for predicted route can be achieved, but the system locks into a solution that cannot react to driver actions and actual operation
Solution Approach 1:
The control system transitions from static pre-planned segmentation to dynamic hierarchical control. The low-level controller continuously adjusts torque split based on real-time driver inputs and operating conditions, while the high-level controller updates SOC setpoints dynamically. This dynamic approach maintains optimization while adapting to changing conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback loops at both control levels. The low-level controller uses real-time feedback from driver actions and system state to adjust torque split. The high-level controller receives feedback on actual operation versus predicted conditions and dynamically updates the route segmentation and SOC setpoints, creating a closed-loop adaptive system.
3Loss of energy
If battery SOC is reduced to lower limit in anticipation of downhill recharge, then energy recovery can be maximized, but the system lacks a complete solution across the entire predicted route
Solution Approach 1:
The downhill energy recovery problem is solved by segmenting the route into multiple segments with different SOC targets. Instead of a single route-wide SOC reduction, the high-level controller identifies downhill segments and calculates specific SOC setpoints for each segment, allowing localized energy recovery strategies while maintaining overall route optimization.
Solution Approach 2:
Different SOC management strategies are applied to different route segments based on local conditions. Downhill segments have optimized SOC targets for maximum energy recovery, while other segments have targets based on their specific characteristics. This local quality approach allows the system to maximize energy recovery in appropriate segments without compromising overall route performance.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and systems for hybrid vehicle control. A high-level controller and a low-level controller are provided. The high-level controller uses preview information and a model of the low-level controller to calculate optimized tuning parameters for the low-level controller. The low-level controller uses driver inputs and current operating states to calculate optimized torque split for the hybrid engine.