High-Density Polyphthalamide Composite Without Coupling Agent
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing high-density plastic materials used in watchmaking and jewelry components face issues with mechanical property degradation and aesthetic changes due to the limited compatibility and thermal instability of coupling agents, leading to ineffective bonding and discoloration.
Innovation Solution
A high-density material composition without a coupling agent, utilizing metallic and/or ceramic fillers with densities above 3 g/cm³, polyphthalamide, and optional reinforcing fillers, achieving cohesion through chemical bonds like coordination and hydrogen bonds, ensuring mechanical properties and aesthetic stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If a coupling agent is used to ensure bond between polymer and filler, then mechanical properties are improved, but thermal stability deteriorates leading to degradation above certain temperature
Solution Approach 1:
The invention removes the coupling agent from the composite material formulation. Instead of using a separate coupling agent to bond the filler to the polymer matrix, the patent relies on the inherent compatibility and bonding capabilities of polyphthalamide with metallic and ceramic fillers, achieving effective bonding without the thermal instability introduced by coupling agents.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the polymer matrix by selecting polyphthalamide with specific functional groups that provide inherent bonding capability to metallic and ceramic fillers. This parameter change eliminates the need for coupling agents while maintaining strong interfacial bonding and thermal stability.
2Stability of the object's composition
If a coupling agent is used to ensure bond between polymer and filler, then cohesion of material is improved, but aesthetic appearance deteriorates due to discoloration
Solution Approach 1:
The invention removes the coupling agent that causes discoloration issues. By eliminating this component, the patent prevents the aesthetic deterioration while maintaining material cohesion through the inherent properties of polyphthalamide and its compatibility with metallic and ceramic fillers.
3Strength
If coupling agent is used, then bonding between polymer and filler is enhanced, but chemical compatibility requirements limit material choice
Solution Approach 1:
The invention makes polyphthalamide a universal polymer matrix that can effectively bond with various metallic and ceramic fillers without requiring specific coupling agents for each combination. This multi-functionality expands material choice and simplifies formulation while maintaining strong bonding across different filler types.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides enhanced mechanical properties and thermal stability without coupling agent degradation, maintaining aesthetic consistency across the material, as demonstrated by improved tensile modulus, breaking strength, and impact resistance in various compositions.
Implementation Method 1
cohesion between the polyphthalamide and the metallic and/or ceramic filler is obtained solely by chemical bonds between the polyphthalamide and the metallic and/or ceramic filler
Implementation Method 2
coordination bonds between the metallic/ceramic filler and the non-bonding doublet of the oxygen atom of the C=O function of the amide group of the polyphthalamide
Implementation Method 3
hydrogen bonds between OH groups on the surface of the metallic and/or ceramic filler, which has surface oxidation, and the C=O function of the amide group of the polyphthalamide
Implementation Method 4
at least one powder in a metallic and/or ceramic material having a density greater than or equal to 3 g/cm³
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an article made of a material having a density greater than 2 g/cm³, said material comprising, by weight for a total of 100%, at least one metallic and/or ceramic filler obtained from a powder in a metallic and/or ceramic material having a density greater than or equal to 3 g/cm³, preferably greater than or equal to 5 g/cm³, in an amount of between 30% and 85% by weight, between 15% and 50% by weight of at least one polyphthalamide, between 0% and 40% by weight of at least one reinforcing filler, and optionally between 0% and 10% by weight of a coloring agent, said material being free of any coupling agent between the polyphthalamide and the metallic and/or ceramic filler. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such an article.