High-Frequency Base Station Uplink Access Beam Training
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-frequency communications systems face challenges in maintaining beam alignment and data communication quality due to high path loss and limited outdoor applicability of millimeter-wave frequency bands, where existing solutions only consider initial random access and not subsequent beam training processes.
Innovation Solution
The method involves allocating a non-contention-based sequence by the high-frequency base station to user equipment during initial random access, allowing for optimal beam training and beam selection, which ensures precision and reduces system overheads, thereby improving the performance of high-frequency communications systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the high-frequency base station uses large-scale antenna array to perform beamforming, then directional antenna gain is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the beam training process into two distinct stages: initial random access beam training and subsequent beam training. This segmentation allows the system to handle different beam training requirements at different phases, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining high directional gain capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary beam training during the initial random access phase, establishing baseline beam configurations before actual data communication begins. This preliminary action prepares the beamforming parameters in advance, reducing the complexity of real-time beam management during data transmission.
2Area of stationary object
If the system traverses transmitting/receiving directional beam pairs to achieve omnidirectional antenna effect, then coverage area is improved, but loss of time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides beam training into two time-separated phases: initial random access beam training for coverage establishment, and subsequent beam training for optimization. This segmentation allows comprehensive beam pair traversal during initial access without impacting data transmission time, as the thorough beam training occurs before data communication begins.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs complete beam pair traversal and optimal beam pair selection during the initial random access phase, establishing the best transmitting/receiving beam pairs in advance. This preliminary action ensures comprehensive coverage is achieved before data transmission, eliminating the need for time-consuming beam searches during actual communication.
3Ease of operation
If the system uses existing LTE random access process, then ease of operation is maintained, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adapts the random access process by introducing beam-specific parameters and procedures tailored for high-frequency communications. While maintaining the overall LTE random access framework for ease of operation, the system dynamically adjusts beam training sequences, resource allocation, and measurement procedures to achieve precise beam alignment required for millimeter-wave communications.
Data Source
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AI summary
This application discloses an uplink access method, a base station, and user equipment. The method of this application includes: in a process in which user equipment performs initial random access to a high-frequency base station, allocating, by the high-frequency base station, a non-contention-based sequence to the user equipment, and sending the non-contention-based sequence to the user equipment by using a first random access response message; after the user equipment completes the initial random access to the high-frequency base station and in a periodical beam training process, determining, by the high-frequency base station, an optimal receiving wide beam of the high-frequency base station and an optimal sending narrow beam of the user equipment by detecting, on each receiving wide beam of the high-frequency base station, the non-contention-based sequence sent by the user equipment; and sending, by the high-frequency base station, a second random access response message to the user equipment. This application controls system overheads and ensures precision of beam training, thereby improving performance of a high-frequency communications system.