High Frequency Signal Feed Through with Capacitive Galvanic Isolation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing high frequency signal feed through components face parasitic inductive effects and limited frequency transmission due to galvanic separation methods, which are inadequate for explosive environments and hinder the performance of field devices in measuring technology.

Innovation Solution

A high frequency signal feed through design that includes a housing with a pressure-resistant signal feed through for the interior conductor, featuring a conductive structure capable of handling high frequencies and a galvanic separation element, with the exterior conductor coupled to a circuit-board and additional conductive structures for capacitive coupling, ensuring robust and efficient signal transmission.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If galvanic separation is implemented via discrete components (condensers or transmitters), then explosion protection is achieved, but parasitic inductive effects adversely affect transmission features

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveexplosion protectionVSAvoidparasitic inductive effects

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/discrete component approach (separate condensers or transmitters) with an integrated circuit board structure that provides galvanic separation through capacitive coupling. This substitution eliminates the parasitic inductive effects associated with discrete components while maintaining explosion protection, as the capacitive coupling mechanism does not introduce significant inductive parasitics.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the galvanic separation function with the circuit board structure itself, rather than using separate discrete components. The circuit board integrates the capacitive coupling elements directly into the signal path, combining the separation function with the signal transmission pathway to eliminate additional connection points that would introduce inductive effects.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Reliability

If transmitters are used for galvanic separation, then explosion protection is achieved, but the frequency spectrum that can be transmitted is limited towards the top

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveexplosion protectionVSAvoidfrequency spectrum limitation

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes transmitter-based galvanic separation with a passive capacitive coupling structure integrated into the circuit board. This replacement removes the frequency-limiting characteristics of active transmitters and allows high-frequency signals to pass through the galvanic separation interface without significant attenuation or limitation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the separation mechanism from active transmitter-based separation to passive capacitive coupling. This parameter change in the separation mechanism enables broader frequency transmission capability, as capacitive coupling has inherently wider bandwidth compared to transmitter-based approaches, allowing high-frequency signals to maintain their spectral content through the separation interface.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design effectively minimizes parasitic inductive effects and enhances the transmission capabilities of high frequency signals, providing improved performance and protection from explosions in explosive environments.

Implementation Method 1

at least one element for the galvanic separation being arranged between an input side and an output side

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectGalvanic separation: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

the interior conductor is coupled to a circuit-board arranged in the housing and provided on a first side with a conductive structure capable of handling high frequencies

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

with the housing showing the structure for the galvanically separated coupling of the exterior conductor

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCapacitive coupling: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentUS9853338B2High frequency signal feed through

Publication Date: 2017.12.26 VEGA GRIESHABER GMBH & CO

AI summary

A high frequency signal feed through by which the ends of an input side coaxial cable and an output side coaxial cable, to be connected to each other, each comprising an interior conductor and an exterior conductor surrounding the interior conductor, are coupled to each other, showing a housing, a preferably pressure-resistant signal feed through arranged in the housing for the interior conductor, with the interior conductor being coupled at a conductive structure, arranged preferably centrally in the housing and capable of handling high frequencies, with at least one element for the galvanic separation being arranged between an input side and an output side, with the housing showing the structure for the galvanically separated coupling of the exterior conductor.