High Frequency Electromagnetic Induction for Non-Metallic Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electromagnetic induction instruments are unable to reliably detect non-metallic or low-metallic objects used in explosive devices, such as carbon fiber casings, which pose a challenge for military detection of weapons and explosives.
Innovation Solution
A high-frequency electromagnetic induction system that generates a range of frequencies from 100 kHz to 50 MHz, using a transmitter and receiver coil coupled with a processor to create a high-frequency and polarizability data profile by normalizing currents and calculating magnetic polarizability values, enabling detection of a broader range of explosive devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional electromagnetic induction instruments are used to detect metal objects, then metal objects with high electrical conductivity can be detected, but non-metallic or low-metallic objects such as carbon fiber casings cannot be detected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the frequency parameter from conventional low frequencies to high frequencies (100 kHz to 50 MHz). This parameter change enables the electromagnetic induction instrument to detect non-metallic and low-metallic objects like carbon fiber casings that were previously undetectable, while maintaining the ability to detect metal objects. The high-frequency signals interact with the magnetic polarizability of different materials, providing reliable detection across a broader range of explosive device materials.
2Adaptability or versatility
If high frequency signals are used to detect non-metallic objects, then detection capability is improved, but measurement precision requirements increase due to the need to normalize currents and calculate magnetic polarizability values
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the system continuously monitors and compares the response of the transmitter coil to high-frequency signals with reference values. By normalizing the measured currents and voltages against background values and iteratively calculating magnetic polarizability values, the system achieves precise detection. The feedback loop allows for real-time adjustment and verification of measurements, ensuring accurate identification of non-metallic objects.
3Loss of information
If multiple frequency values and magnetic polarizability values are collected and stored, then a comprehensive data profile is created for better identification, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection process into distinct functional components: frequency generation, signal transmission, voltage measurement, current measurement, normalization processing, and magnetic polarizability calculation. Each component handles specific tasks independently, making the overall complex data collection and processing system more manageable. The segmented approach allows for systematic organization of multiple frequency values and magnetic polarizability values into structured data profiles.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively detects a wider range of explosive devices by generating a high-frequency and polarizability data profile, allowing for the identification of non-metallic objects that were previously undetectable, enhancing military detection capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
Metal detectors are electromagnetic induction devices that induce an electric current in an object to produce a magnetic field
Implementation Method 2
calculates the magnetic polarizability value Mn of the object of interest utilizing the measured background voltage, the measured ferrite voltage, the measured voltage of the object of interest
Data Source
AI summary
A high-frequency electromagnetic induction system includes a frequency generator coupled to a transmitter coil, a receiver coil coupled to a processor and a high frequency and polarizability data profile for an object of interest. The high frequency and polarizability data profile includes a data object having an array of frequency values and magnetic polarizability values, which are obtained from the object of interest and processed by the processor. Also described is a method for populating the high frequency and polarizability data profile.