High-Integrity Control Circuit With Normally Closed Switching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current control systems for electrical equipment using normally open and closed switches are inadequate in terms of security and reliability, particularly in environmental and operational constraints.

Innovation Solution

A control circuit incorporating a normally closed switch with a Darlington transistor configuration, a device for controlling voltage direction, and specific resistor connections to manage electrical control signals, ensuring secure and reliable operation even in the absence of explicit control signals.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a normally closed switch is used to control electrical equipment, then the security level is improved, but the reliability is insufficient under environmental constraints

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity levelVSAvoidenvironmental constraints resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The control circuit is segmented into multiple independent components: a first transistor for primary control, a second transistor for voltage direction control, and a third transistor for backup control. This segmentation allows each component to perform a specific function, improving overall reliability while maintaining resistance to environmental constraints through functional distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The circuit incorporates a third transistor configured as a backup control mechanism that activates when the first transistor fails. This beforehand cushioning ensures continuous reliable operation under environmental constraints by having a pre-prepared fallback control path that compensates for potential failures of primary control elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

2Reliability

If a complex control circuit is implemented to improve security, then the security level increases, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecurity levelVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple control functions are merged into a single integrated circuit structure where the first, second, and third transistors work together in a coordinated manner. The combining of control functions reduces the need for separate control circuits, maintaining high security levels while managing device complexity through functional integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The control circuit is designed with multi-functional transistors that can operate in different modes: the first transistor handles normal control, the second transistor manages voltage direction, and the third transistor provides backup control. This universality allows a single circuit to perform multiple functions, improving security without proportionally increasing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If environmental resistance is improved through robust design, then the reliability under constraints increases, but the response time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental resistanceVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The control circuit employs dynamic switching between the first transistor for normal operation and the third transistor for backup control. This dynamic configuration allows the circuit to maintain robust environmental resistance through the third transistor while achieving fast response times through the optimized first transistor during normal conditions, preventing the robust design from slowing down the response.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a compact, reliable, and secure control system with short response times, resistant to environmental factors and complex implementation, enhancing safety and functionality, particularly in applications like aircraft fuel circuit control.

Implementation Method 1

a first transistor the collector of which is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source and the emitter of which is connected to the electrical equipment, the normally closed switch being sensitive to an electrical control signal for a single direction of the voltage delivered by the voltage source, the first transistor making it possible to control the passage of electricity from the voltage source to the electrical equipment

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTransistor control:

Implementation Method 2

a second transistor the collector of which is connected to the negative terminal of the voltage source and the emitter of which is connected to the electrical equipment, the second transistor making it possible to control the direction of the voltage delivered by the voltage source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTransistor switching:

Implementation Method 3

the second transistor is a Darlington transistor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDarlington configuration:

Data Source

PatentEP3195474B1Electrical circuit for control of an electrical device with high integrity
Publication Date: 2020.12.16 SAFRAN ELECTRONICS & DEFENSE (FR)
  • EP3195474B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3195474B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3195474B1 patent drawing

AI summary

The invention relates to: Control circuit (1) for an electrical device (2), said control circuit (1) receiving as input a discrete electrical control signal (CMD), the control circuit (1) comprising a source (11) of voltage (±V) configured so as to supply the circuit according to a negative or positive voltage; a switch (12) normally closed in the absence of any discrete electrical control signal (CMD) and configured so as to isolate the electrical device from the voltage source as a function of the electrical control signal (CMD), said switch being connected between the voltage source and the electrical device (2); the switch (12) being sensitive to the discrete electrical control signal (CMD) for just one sense of voltage.