High-k Organic Dielectric Films for Capacitor Energy Storage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current dielectric materials used in capacitors have limitations such as low energy density, high weight, and limited range due to low dielectric constants, which restrict the application of electric vehicles by reducing their range and efficiency compared to gasoline-powered vehicles.
Innovation Solution
Development of ultra-high charge capacity dielectric materials using copper phthalocyanine particulates embedded in organic vehicles, forming thick films with high dielectric constants, which are applied over conductive electrodes to enhance charge storage capability and resistance, allowing for the creation of capacitors with improved energy storage and longer charge retention.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional dielectric materials are used in capacitors, then the device structure is simple and manufacturing is easy, but the energy density is low and weight is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite dielectric materials combining organic materials (such as copper phthalocyanine) with inorganic materials (such as barium titanate or lead zirconate titanate) to achieve high dielectric constants while maintaining processability. This composite approach enables superior energy density without excessive structural complexity, as the organic-inorganic combination leverages the high polarity of organic materials and the high dielectric constant of inorganic materials synergistically.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of dielectric materials by introducing organic compounds with high dipole moments (such as copper phthalocyanine) into traditional inorganic dielectric systems. This parameter change in molecular structure and polarity achieves dramatically higher dielectric constants (K>1000) compared to conventional materials, directly improving energy density while allowing for solution-based processing that manages manufacturing complexity.
2Quantity of substance
If thick dielectric films are used to increase charge storage, then energy storage capacity increases, but breakdown voltage decreases due to film thinness in conventional methods
Solution Approach 1:
The composite organic-inorganic dielectric structure provides both thick film formation capability and high breakdown voltage. The organic component (copper phthalocyanine) forms a continuous matrix that can be deposited as thick films via solution processing, while the inorganic particles (barium titanate or PZT) dispersed within provide high dielectric constant and maintain electrical strength, enabling thick films with both high charge storage and high breakdown voltage.
Solution Approach 2:
The organic matrix acts as an intermediary between the inorganic dielectric particles and the electrode interfaces, providing a continuous phase that can be processed into thick films while maintaining electrical properties. This organic-inorganic interface structure allows for controlled film thickness without proportionally reducing breakdown voltage, as the organic phase provides structural integrity and electrical insulation throughout the thick film structure.
3Weight of moving object
If lithium ion batteries are used to reduce weight and increase range, then weight decreases and driving range increases, but cost increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs organic dielectric materials such as copper phthalocyanine that can be processed from solution at low cost using conventional printing or coating techniques. These materials replace expensive lithium ion battery components with inexpensive organic-inorganic composites that achieve comparable or superior energy density, dramatically reducing manufacturing cost while maintaining lightweight characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes the electrochemical energy storage mechanism of lithium ion batteries with a capacitive energy storage mechanism based on high dielectric constant materials. This substitution replaces the complex electrochemical systems (electrolytes, electrodes, separators) with simpler capacitor structures using organic-inorganic dielectric films, achieving similar weight reduction and range improvement at a fraction of the cost.
4Ease of manufacture
If thin film dielectric layers are used in conventional capacitors, then manufacturing is easier, but charge storage capability is limited due to small thickness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the dielectric constant parameter of the film material from conventional values (K<100) to ultra-high values (K>1000) using organic-inorganic composite materials. This parameter change enables thick film formation (5-50 micrometers or more) via solution processing while achieving high charge storage capacity, as the ultra-high dielectric constant compensates for the increased thickness and provides superior energy density compared to thin conventional films.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables capacitors with significantly increased energy storage capacity, improved resistance, and extended charge retention, potentially replacing batteries in electric vehicles and other applications by providing a more efficient and longer-lasting energy storage solution.
Implementation Method 1
ultra-high charge capacity dielectric material... high dielectric constants... The amount of energy stored by the capacitor is directly proportional to the dielectric constant
Implementation Method 2
improved resistance... ability to hold charge for long periods of time
Data Source
AI summary
A dielectric material is provided. The dielectric material includes at least one layer of a substantially continuous phase material. The material is selected from the group consisting of an organic, organometallic, or combination thereof in which the substantially continuous phase material has delocalized electrons.