High-Temperature Component Cooling Passage Partitioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-temperature components in machines like gas turbines and rocket engines face a challenge where cooling air, flowing through cooling passages, becomes overheated downstream, leading to excessive cooling upstream and reduced cooling capacity, which affects heat efficiency and durability.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a high-temperature component design featuring cooling passages partitioned by a first partition wall with an oblique portion that gradually decreases the cross-sectional area from upstream to downstream, increasing flow velocity and heat transfer coefficient, while maintaining adequate cooling capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the flow amount of cooling medium is increased to prevent shortage of cooling capacity at downstream side, then cooling capacity at downstream side is improved, but cooling capacity becomes excessive at upstream side
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling passage is segmented into multiple first branch flow passages by the first partition wall, and each first branch flow passage is further segmented into second branch flow passages by the second partition wall. This multi-level segmentation allows the cooling medium to be distributed across multiple pathways, enabling better control of flow distribution and heat transfer along the passage length, thereby preventing both excessive cooling at upstream and insufficient cooling at downstream.
Solution Approach 2:
The partition walls are positioned at different locations along the cooling passage to create zones with different cooling characteristics. The first partition wall creates first branch flow passages that provide enhanced cooling in specific regions, while the second partition wall further divides these into second branch flow passages. This localized differentiation of cooling intensity allows optimization of heat transfer at different positions without requiring uniform high flow rates throughout, thus improving overall heat efficiency while maintaining reliability.
2Temperature
If the flow-passage cross-sectional area is rapidly decreased from upstream to downstream, then heat transfer coefficient increases, but thermal stress increases due to rapid temperature change
Solution Approach 1:
The partition walls are designed with dynamic geometric features including oblique portions and curved surfaces that gradually change the flow-passage cross-sectional area. The oblique portions create controlled expansion and contraction zones, while curved surfaces provide smooth transitions. These dynamic geometric variations allow the flow area to change progressively rather than abruptly, enabling gradual temperature adjustment and reducing thermal stress while maintaining effective heat transfer coefficients.
Solution Approach 2:
The partition walls incorporate curved surfaces instead of sharp edges or abrupt changes. The curved surfaces create smooth transitions in the flow-passage cross-sectional area, avoiding sudden expansions or contractions. This curvature-based design ensures gradual temperature changes along the cooling passage, preventing rapid temperature drops that would generate excessive thermal stress, while still maintaining sufficient heat transfer coefficients through controlled flow velocity variations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively suppresses excessive cooling and maintains necessary cooling capacity, preventing thermal stress and efficiency deterioration by optimizing heat transfer and flow dynamics within the cooling passages.
Implementation Method 1
The cooling air (cooling medium) flowing through the cooling passage is heated by heat transmitted from the inner wall surface of the cooling passage
Implementation Method 2
by providing the first partition wall inside the cooling passage, it is possible to reduce the flow-passage cross-sectional area of the cooling passage as seen in the extension direction of the cooling passage. Accordingly, the flow velocity of the cooling medium flowing through the cooling passage becomes faster in the first branch passages
Implementation Method 3
the flow velocity of the cooling medium flowing through the cooling passage becomes faster in the first branch passages being a section where the first partition wall is provided, than in a section at the upstream side of the first branch flow passages where the first partition wall is not provided. Thus, it is possible to have a greater coefficient of heat transfer to the cooling medium in the first branch flow passage
Data Source
AI summary
A high-temperature component according to an embodiment is a high-temperature component which requires to be cooled by a cooling medium, and includes: a plurality of cooling passages through which the cooling medium is able to flow; and a first partition wall disposed inside each of the cooling passages to partition the cooling passage into a plurality of first branch flow passages. The first partition wall includes an oblique portion formed such that, in an upstream side region of the first partition wall, a flow-passage cross-sectional area of the cooling passage as seen in an extension direction of the cooling passage gradually decreases from an upstream side toward a downstream side.