High temperature solid storage, high temperature solid storage system, and method for controlling vacuum insulation

The patent employs a composite insulation structure combining vacuum insulation (high vacuum level) with aerogel material. This composite approach leverages the superior insulation properties of both materials: vacuum eliminates convective and conductive heat transfer, while aerogel provides additional thermal barrier with extremely low thermal conductivity. The combination enables high-temperature storage at 800°C while minimizing heat losses, resolving the contradiction between compact volume and energy conservation.

The patent creates a vacuum environment (inert atmosphere) within the insulation chamber to eliminate air molecules that would otherwise facilitate heat transfer through conduction and convection. By maintaining high vacuum levels in the insulation layer, the system prevents thermal energy loss while allowing the storage core to reach and maintain 800°C, thus solving the heat loss problem associated with high-temperature storage.

The patent fundamentally changes the insulation parameter from conventional solid materials to vacuum-based insulation with aerogel enhancement. This parameter change (from solid to vacuum-aerogel composite) dramatically reduces thermal conductivity, enabling storage duration extension from hours/days to seasonal timescales. The vacuum environment eliminates molecular heat transfer mechanisms, while aerogel provides structural support and additional thermal barrier, achieving the required insulation performance for long-term storage.

The patent utilizes the phase transition of insulation materials from solid conventional materials to vacuum (gas phase removal). By evacuating the insulation chamber to create high vacuum, the system transitions from relying on solid material insulation to vacuum insulation, where heat transfer is minimized. This phase transition approach enables sustained high-temperature storage for seasonal durations by dramatically reducing heat loss rates.

The patent changes the storage medium parameter from water (liquid) to high-temperature solid storage material. This parameter change enables storage at 800°C compared to water's maximum 90°C, increasing the temperature differential and enabling much higher energy density. Combined with vacuum-aerogel insulation minimizing heat losses, the system achieves seasonal storage capacity in a compact volume, resolving the contradiction between storage capacity and space requirements.

The patent employs a composite system combining high-temperature storage material with vacuum-aerogel insulation. This composite approach enables the storage core to maintain 800°C with minimal heat losses, achieving high energy density in a compact volume. The vacuum-aerogel composite insulation is particularly effective at these temperatures, allowing seasonal storage capacity without the large water basin volumes required by conventional systems.

The patent implements dynamic control of the vacuum insulation level based on real-time monitoring of storage core temperature and heating demand. When heating demand is high, the system maintains lower vacuum levels to increase heat transfer to the hydraulic circuit. When the storage core approaches maximum temperature or heating demand is low, the system increases vacuum levels to reduce heat transfer and prevent excessive temperatures. This dynamic adjustment ensures operational reliability while meeting heating demands.

The patent employs a feedback control system that continuously monitors the storage core temperature and adjusts the vacuum insulation level accordingly. Temperature sensors detect the thermal state, and the control system modulates the vacuum pump operation to maintain optimal heat transfer. This feedback mechanism prevents the hydraulic side from exceeding boiling point temperatures by reducing heat transfer when the storage core becomes too hot, while still enabling sufficient heat flow during high-demand periods.