High-Voltage Transmission Gate for Multiplexed Qubit Biasing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Quantum computing faces challenges in transmitting and receiving a large number of signals to and from qubits due to the complexity of connections required, which can be mitigated by multiplexing signals onto fewer cables to reduce the number of connections to the quantum processor.
Innovation Solution
A companion die with high-voltage transmission gates is used to transmit signals to qubits in a quantum processor, allowing a digital-to-analog converter to charge a capacitor and apply voltage to qubit gates, while multiplexers and decoders manage signal selection and routing efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a large number of signals are transmitted to and from qubits using separate cables, then signal transmission reliability is improved, but the number of connections and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple signal transmission channels are merged into a single cable through time-division multiplexing. The transmission gate selectively connects different qubit signals to the same physical cable at different time intervals, allowing multiple signals to share one connection without interference, thereby reducing the number of cables while maintaining signal integrity
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses dynamic switching through the transmission gate to allocate cable connections on-demand. The gate changes its connection state based on which qubit needs to transmit or receive signals at any given moment, enabling flexible time-division multiplexing that adapts to real-time computational requirements
2Adaptability or versatility
If more cables are used to connect to the quantum processor, then signal transmission capability is improved, but the number of connections increases
Solution Approach 1:
The transmission gate operates using periodic time-division multiplexing, where each qubit is allocated specific time slots for signal transmission. During these periodic intervals, the gate connects the designated qubit to the shared cable, allowing multiple qubits to communicate through the same physical medium without conflict by strictly separating their transmission times
3Power
If high-voltage signals are transmitted through standard transistors, then signal strength is maintained, but transistor breakdown occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The transmission gate serves as an intermediary structure that enables high-voltage signal transmission without exposing individual transistors to breakdown conditions. By using the gate's controlled switching mechanism, high voltage is applied only when the gate is in the appropriate state, preventing direct high-voltage stress on transistor channels while still achieving the required signal strength
Data Source
AI summary
Technologies for a high-voltage transmission gate are disclosed. In the illustrative embodiment, a companion chip is connected to a quantum processor. The companion chip provides voltages to gates of qubits on the quantum processor. The companion chip includes one or more high-voltage transmission gates that can be used to charge capacitors linked to gates of qubits on the quantum processor. The transmission gate includes transistors with a breakdown voltage less than a range of input and output voltages of the transmission gate. Control circuitry on the companion chip controls the voltages applied to transistors of the transmission gate to ensure that the voltage differences across the terminals of each transistor is below a breakdown voltage.