HLA Class I Peptide Epitopes for Targeted T-Cell Immunotherapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer therapies, particularly for cancers like glioblastoma, colorectal, gastric, hepatocellular, and renal cell carcinomas, face limitations in efficacy and side effects, with existing immunotherapies showing mixed results and a need for more targeted approaches to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses effectively.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel peptide sequences derived from HLA class I molecules of human tumor cells, which can be used in vaccine compositions or as targets for immunotherapeutic agents to stimulate T-cell responses, specifically binding to MHC molecules and inducing anti-tumor immune reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional cancer therapies are used, then tumor growth can be suppressed, but efficacy is limited and side effects occur
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the immune response by targeting specific tumor-associated antigens through HLA class I-restricted peptide epitopes, rather than using non-specific conventional therapies. This segmentation allows for targeted stimulation of anti-tumor T-cell responses while sparing healthy tissues from damage, thereby improving efficacy and reducing side effects
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses HLA class I molecules and their peptide epitopes as intermediaries to bridge the immune system and tumor cells. These peptide epitopes serve as mediators that present tumor-specific antigens to T cells, enabling specific immune recognition and attack on tumor cells without the broad toxicity of conventional therapies
2Reliability
If existing immunotherapies are used, then anti-tumor immune responses can be stimulated, but results are mixed and effectiveness varies
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies local quality by selecting specific HLA class I-restricted peptide epitopes that are tailored to individual tumor types and patient HLA profiles. This customization ensures that the immunotherapy targets the specific antigenic landscape of each patient's tumor, leading to more consistent and reliable anti-tumor responses compared to generic immunotherapies
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes key parameters by identifying and utilizing specific peptide epitopes with defined amino acid sequences that bind to particular HLA class I alleles. By optimizing the peptide-MHC interaction parameters and selecting epitopes with high binding affinity and immunogenicity, the invention achieves more predictable and consistent T-cell activation across different patients
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These peptides elicit robust T-cell responses and can be used to develop targeted immunotherapies that enhance anti-tumor immunity, potentially improving treatment outcomes for the mentioned cancers by specifically targeting tumor-associated antigens.
Implementation Method 1
Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.