Holographic Head-Mounted Display Using Spatial Light Modulator

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional head-mounted displays (HMDs) are bulky due to the need for complex lenses to achieve high-quality, wide-field-of-view images, and holographic HMDs face issues with image quality, speckle, and limited image size due to pixel size and computational load limitations of spatial light modulators (SLMs).

Innovation Solution

A head-mounted display design utilizing a high spatial coherence light source, a beam expanding/diverging element, and a spatial light modulator (SLM) to create a converging scanning beam axis or wave front, allowing the SLM to generate holographic images with a large angular size without requiring small pixel SLMs, thus eliminating the need for large lenses and achieving a lightweight design.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If conventional eye piece lenses are used to re-image the display module, then the display appears at a comfortable viewing distance, but the device becomes bulky and heavy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomfortable viewing distanceVSAvoiddevice weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and eliminates the bulky eye piece lenses from the HMD system by using a holographic display approach. Instead of requiring lenses to re-image the display module, the invention uses an SLM to generate holographic images that can be viewed at comfortable distances without traditional optical imaging components, thereby removing the source of bulk and weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical/optical lens-based imaging system with a computational holographic system. Instead of using physical lenses to focus and re-image light, the invention uses an SLM to modulate light phases and amplitudes computationally, substituting a mechanical optical system with a programmable optical modulator approach.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Manufacturing precision

If complex lenses are used to display high quality images with wide field of view, then image quality and FoV improve, but the device becomes very bulky

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage qualityVSAvoiddevice weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental parameters of the display system by using an SLM that can dynamically modulate light phase and amplitude. Instead of relying on fixed optical properties of complex lenses, the invention uses programmable parameter control through the SLM to achieve high image quality and wide field of view, allowing software-based optimization without adding physical bulk.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from a 2D display requiring complex lenses for 3D imaging to a true 3D holographic display that encodes depth information in the light field. By using the SLM to modulate both phase and amplitude of light waves, the system creates volumetric images that provide high quality and wide FoV without the need for bulky lens assemblies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Area of stationary object

If SLM pixel size is reduced to achieve large holographic images, then image size increases, but manufacturing precision becomes extremely difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveholographic image sizeVSAvoidpixel size fabrication
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a dynamic approach where the SLM can be reconfigured programmatically to change the effective pixel size and holographic image parameters. Instead of relying on fixed, ultra-fine physical pixel dimensions, the system uses dynamic phase and amplitude modulation to achieve large holographic images, allowing the effective resolution to be adjusted through control signals rather than physical fabrication changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Manufacturing precision

If SLM resolution is increased to achieve ideal holographic images, then image quality improves, but computational load increases very high

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveSLM resolutionVSAvoidcomputational load
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSExtent of automation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by using an SLM that modulates only the necessary parameters (phase and/or amplitude) required for holographic image generation, rather than attempting to control every possible light property. This selective modulation approach achieves sufficient image quality while keeping computational requirements manageable by focusing on the essential degrees of freedom needed for holography.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design enables a lightweight HMD with a large field of view and high image quality by using a converging beam to reduce the angular size limitations of SLMs, allowing for a more compact and efficient holographic display system suitable for virtual and augmented reality applications.

Implementation Method 1

a beam expanding/diverging element (10)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Implementation Method 2

a beam expanding/diverging element (10)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 3

a beam converging element (11) that converges the expanded light beam into a viewing zone

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 4

a beam converging element (11) that converges the expanded light beam into a viewing zone

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFocusing: Focusing

Implementation Method 5

The spatial light modulator (12) adds a phase pattern and/or an amplitude pattern to the light beam to generate a holographic virtual image

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInterference: Interference

Implementation Method 6

The spatial light modulator (12) adds a phase pattern and/or an amplitude pattern to the light beam to generate a holographic virtual image

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffraction: Diffraction

Data Source

PatentUS9964768B2Head mounted display using spatial light modulator to generate a holographic image
Publication Date: 2018.05.08 SHARP KK

AI summary

A head mounted display device includes a light source that emits a high coherence light beam, a beam expansion/diverging element that expands the light beam emitted by the light source, and a beam converging element that converges the expanded light beam into a viewing zone. The light beam from the beam converging element is incident onto a spatial light modulator (SLM), and the SLM is configured to add a phase pattern and/or an amplitude pattern to the light beam to generate a virtual image that is visible to a user wearing the head mounted display device. The light converging element creates a beam or scanning beam axis that converges towards the eye, which enables a large field of view for a virtual or holographic image to be displayed.