Unified Hoist Motor Control Board for Single- and Three-Phase Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electric motor-driven hoisting-lowering devices require different control board configurations for three-phase and single-phase alternating-current electric motors, leading to increased costs and inefficiencies, particularly in handling heavy loads and frequent forward-reverse operations.
Innovation Solution
A control apparatus with non-contact switching devices and a microcomputer that allows for seamless connection and control of both three-phase and single-phase alternating-current electric motors using a single control board, utilizing connecting members to adapt power supply terminals and winding configurations for efficient operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If different control board configurations are used for three-phase and single-phase electric motors, then the control can be optimized for each motor type, but the cost increases and device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control board is designed with universal functionality to accommodate both three-phase and single-phase electric motors through a single unified configuration. The board includes all necessary switching devices and circuit pathways to handle different motor types without requiring separate specialized boards, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining control optimization through software or control logic adaptation.
Solution Approach 2:
The control board incorporates dynamic switching capabilities that allow it to adapt its configuration based on the detected motor type. The system can dynamically reconfigure power supply terminals and switching device connections to match the requirements of either three-phase or single-phase motors, enabling a single static hardware design to perform multiple functions.
2Reliability
If different control board configurations are used for three-phase and single-phase electric motors, then the control can be optimized for each motor type, but the cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
By designing a universal control board that can serve both three-phase and single-phase motor applications, the manufacturer eliminates the need to produce multiple specialized board variants. This single-design approach reduces manufacturing costs through economies of scale, standardized production processes, and reduced inventory complexity, while still providing optimized control for different motor types through flexible circuit design.
3Device complexity
If only one phase current path of the three-phase solid-state relay is used to drive the single-phase electric motor, then the control board can be simplified, but heavy load is applied to non-contact switching devices
Solution Approach 1:
The control system dynamically selects and activates appropriate current paths based on the operating conditions and load requirements. When driving a single-phase motor, the system can utilize multiple phases of the three-phase solid-state relay in a coordinated manner, distributing the load across multiple switching devices rather than concentrating it on a single phase path, thereby extending switching device lifespan while maintaining control functionality.
4Device complexity
If the control apparatus is not configured for forward and reverse rotation of alternating-current electric motor, then the control board can be simplified, but it cannot be used in hoisting-lowering devices that frequently perform forward-reverse operations
Solution Approach 1:
The control board incorporates universal switching capabilities that enable both forward and reverse rotation operations for alternating-current electric motors. By integrating multiple non-contact switching devices with appropriate control logic, the board can reversibly control power phase sequences to achieve motor direction changes, making the control apparatus suitable for hoisting-lowering devices while maintaining a unified hardware design.
Data Source
AI summary
To achieve a size reduction by on-off controlling non-contact switching devices with a microcomputer. When a three-phase alternating-current electric motor is to be used, lead wires of the three-phase alternating-current electric motor are connected to output terminals of a control board. When a single-phase alternating-current electric motor is to be used, two supply terminals of the control board are electrically connected together through a first connecting member, and one end of the first connecting member is defined as a single-phase alternating-current power supply terminal. A second connecting member is connected to a supply terminal, and one end of the second connecting member is defined as a single-phase alternating-current power supply terminal. A main winding of the single-phase alternating-current electric motor is connected to the output terminals, and an auxiliary winding is connected to the output terminal and the second connecting member.